Cancer cytopathology
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Cancer cytopathology · Aug 2020
Comparative Study Observational StudyComparative analysis of programmed death ligand 1 expression in paired cytologic and histologic specimens of non-small cell lung cancer.
In advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), cytologic specimens from transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) or transthoracic needle aspiration are often the only cancer tissue material available for the analysis of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression. This study was aimed at assessing the concordance of PD-L1 expression in histologic and cytologic samples and at evaluating interobserver agreement on specimens in this setting. ⋯ The results demonstrate that in the absence of available histologic specimens, PD-L1 positivity in cytologic samples could be a reliable data for the oncologist to consider immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. However, a comparison of cytologic and histologic samples has shown an underestimation of PD-L1 values in cytologic samples.
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Cancer cytopathology · Jul 2020
Does a higher American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (ACR TI-RADS) score forecast an increased risk of malignancy? A correlation study of ACR TI-RADS with FNA cytology in the evaluation of thyroid nodules.
Ultrasound has become the initial approach to evaluating thyroid nodules, facilitating the distinction between benign and malignant nodules based on composition, echogenicity, nodule border or margin, shape, the presence of calcifications, and nodule dimensions. The American College of Radiology (ACR) recommended the Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) as a classification system to standardize thyroid ultrasound reports and to predict the probability of malignancy in thyroid nodules using a scoring system (TR1-TR5) based on multiple ultrasound characteristics and nodule size. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) is recommended as the next step for nodules that warrant further workup. The authors assessed the accuracy of the ACR TI-RADS based on the corresponding FNA cytology results (Bethesda system diagnoses I-VI). ⋯ Although there were no TR2 or TR3 malignant (Bethesda category VI) diagnoses, and there were only a few malignancies in the TR4 and TR5 categories, the current results reassert the notion that the ACR TI-RADS scoring system shows at least some correlation between benign or malignant cytology diagnoses, as illustrated by the greater number of malignant cases in the higher ACR TI-RADS categories.