Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Superiority of 3-dimensional stereotactic surface projection analysis over visual inspection in discrimination of patients with very early Alzheimer's disease from controls using brain perfusion SPECT.
In Alzheimer's disease (AD), regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in the posterior cingulate gyri and precunei has been reported to decrease even at a very early stage. It may be helpful to use statistical image analysis to distinguish slight decreases in rCBF in this area. We compared a 3-dimensional stereotactic surface projection (3D-SSP) technique with visual inspection in the discrimination of patients with very early AD from age-matched controls using brain perfusion SPECT. ⋯ The ability of 3D-SSP to discriminate patients with very early AD from control subjects is superior to that of visual inspection. It is clinically useful and reliable to adopt the use of 3D-SSP as an adjunct to visual interpretation.
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Comparative Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial
Ursodeoxycholic acid-augmented hepatobiliary scintigraphy in the evaluation of neonatal jaundice.
Early differentiation of extrahepatic biliary atresia from intrahepatic cholestasis is important. Hepatobiliary scintigraphy is an excellent noninvasive investigation for ruling out extrahepatic biliary atresia. This study aimed at identifying the role of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), a choleretic agent, in conjunction with hepatobiliary scintigraphy in differentiating extrahepatic biliary atresia from neonatal hepatitis. ⋯ Pretreatment with UDCA significantly improves the specificity of hepatobiliary scintigraphy in ruling out extrahepatic biliary atresia as a cause of prolonged neonatal jaundice.
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Recombinant human thyroid-stimulating hormone (rhTSH) recently was introduced as a radioiodine administration adjunct that avoids levothyroxine (LT-4) withdrawal and resultant hypothyroidism. The pharmacokinetics of 131I after rhTSH administration are known to differ from those after LT-4 withdrawal but are largely nondelineated in the radioiodine therapy setting. We therefore sought to calculate the red marrow absorbed dose of high therapeutic activities of 131I given after rhTSH administration to patients with metastatic or inoperable locally recurrent differentiated thyroid cancer. We also sought to evaluate the clinical and laboratory effects of this therapy on the bone marrow. ⋯ Our specific findings imply that when clinically warranted, rhTSH should allow an increase in the therapeutic radioiodine activity. Such an increase might improve efficacy while preserving safety and tolerability; this possibility should be assessed in further studies.
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Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of 18F-FDG and 11C-methionine for PET-guided stereotactic brain biopsy of gliomas.
We compared the contributions of the labeled tracers (11)C-methionine (Met) and (18)F-FDG for PET-guided stereotactic biopsy of brain gliomas. ⋯ Distributions of highest Met and (18)F-FDG uptake are similar in brain gliomas. Because Met provides a more sensitive signal, it is the molecule of choice for single-tracer PET-guided neurosurgical procedures in gliomas.