Nature reviews. Urology
-
Nature reviews. Urology · Jul 2014
Prostate cancer: intriguing data on inflammation and prostate cancer.
A new case–control study shows that inflammation on biopsy is associated with diagnosis of prostate cancer. We think a large population-based prospective study, specifically designed to investigate the longitudinal association between inflammation and subsequent onset of prostate cancer, is required to elucidate the true relationship between inflammation and prostate carcinogenesis.
-
Nature reviews. Urology · Jun 2014
ReviewProstate cancer in young men: an important clinical entity.
Prostate cancer is considered a disease of older men (aged >65 years), but today over 10% of new diagnoses in the USA occur in young men aged ≤55 years. Early-onset prostate cancer, that is prostate cancer diagnosed at age ≤55 years, differs from prostate cancer diagnosed at an older age in several ways. Firstly, among men with high-grade and advanced-stage prostate cancer, those diagnosed at a young age have a higher cause-specific mortality than men diagnosed at an older age, except those over age 80 years. ⋯ Furthermore, although the majority of men with early-onset prostate cancer are diagnosed with low-risk disease, the extended life expectancy of these patients exposes them to long-term effects of treatment-related morbidities and to long-term risk of disease progression leading to death from prostate cancer. For these reasons, patients with early-onset prostate cancer pose unique challenges, as well as opportunities, for both research and clinical communities. Current data suggest that early-onset prostate cancer is a distinct phenotype-from both an aetiological and clinical perspective-that deserves further attention.
-
Nature reviews. Urology · Jun 2014
Prostate cancer: surgery versus observation for localized prostate cancer.
A key study comparing radical prostatectomy and watchful waiting for prostate cancer has been updated with extended follow-up observation, demonstrating substantial benefits of surgery for reduced mortality mainly in younger men, but also reduced requirement for palliative treatment in older men. These findings should be interpreted within the current scenario of prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment.