Injury
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Primary closure versus non-closure of dog bite wounds. A randomised controlled trial.
Dog bite wounds represent a major health problem. Despite their importance, their management and especially the role of primary closure remain controversial. In this randomised controlled trial, the outcome between primary suturing and non-closure was compared. ⋯ Primary suturing of wounds caused by dog bites resulted in similar infection rate compared to non-suturing. However, primary suturing exhibited improved cosmetic appearance. Time of management appeared to be critical, as early treatment resulted in lower infection rate and improved cosmetic appearance regardless suturing or not. Furthermore, wounds located at the head and face demonstrated better results.
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Blunt abdominal aortic trauma (BAAT) is a very rare occurrence in children, with significant morbidity and mortality. Varied clinical presentations and sparse literature evidence make it difficult to define the proper management policy for paediatric patients. ⋯ Symptomatic lesions and complete ruptures should undergo immediate surgical repair. Circumferential intimal transections are at high risk of complication and should also receive intervention. Partial intimal transections and delayed pseudoaneurysms can be initially observed by clinical examination and imaging. Patients with these latter pathologies should be operated on at any sign of deterioration.
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Periorbital ecchymosis (PE) is caused by blood tracking along tissue plains into periorbital tissues, causing discoloration in the upper and lower eyelids. This clinical feature is most commonly associated with basal skull fractures. Our objective is to present the first patient series describing the clinical features associated with traumatically induced PE. ⋯ Periorbital ecchymosis is a useful clinic sign that should alert the clinician to assess for skull fractures, intracranial haemorrhage, and cranial nerve injury. However, this series shows that PE can be associated with a variety of clinical features, is rarely accompanied by other classic signs of basal skull fracture, and most patients with PE do not have injuries severe enough to require surgical intervention or post-discharge rehabilitation.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Management of comminuted but continuous mandible defects after gunshot injuries.
Firearm injuries continue as a major public health problem, contributing significant morbidity, mortality, and expense to our society. There are four main steps in the management of patients with gunshot wounds to the face: securing an airway, controlling haemorrhage, identifying other injuries and definitive repair of the traumatic facial deformities. The objective of this study was to determine late outcome of two treatment options by open reduction and internal fixation versus closed reduction and maxillomandibular fixation (MMF) in the treatment of gunshot injuries of the mandible. ⋯ Based on this study open reduction and internal fixation is the best available method for the treatment of gunshot mandible fractures without continuity defect.
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Long term outcome of the treatment of displaced complex fractures of humeral head is rare in the literature especially in greater cohorts. Main purpose of our study was the assessment of long term results of intramedullary nailing of 3-4 part fractures. ⋯ Long term results confirmed nailing as appropriate treatment strategy for all types of humeral head fractures with limitation of excellent reduction in every age group. Moderate or even poor reduction significantly deteriorates functional results and increases rate of complete necrosis of the humeral head. If good reduction cannot be achieved, treatment strategy should be changed.