Injury
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Meta Analysis
Cigarette smoking and risk of hip fracture in women: A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.
Whether cigarette smoking can increase the risk of hip fracture in women is unclear. This meta-analysis, which pooled results from 10 prospective cohort studies, was performed to derive a more precise estimation between cigarette smoking and the risk of hip fracture in women. ⋯ Smoking is associated with an increased hip fracture risk in women. Cessation of smoking for ≥10 years had a decreased impact on risk of hip fracture. Given the inconsistency among the studies in the choice of adjustments, the associations between cigarette smoking and risk of hip fracture in women await further investigation.
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Clinical and functional outcomes and treatment options for paediatric elbow dislocations: Experiences of three trauma centres.
Although elbow dislocations are seen rarely in children, their management remains controversial. In this study, over a 7 years period, we evaluated retrospectively the clinical and functional results of paediatric elbow dislocations managed in three different trauma centres. Pure dislocations and dislocations with associated injuries were evaluated separately. ⋯ From the thirty-four patients that had associated injuries, two (6%) had an excellent, 6 (18%) a good, 10 (29%) a fair and 16 (47%) a poor result. Overall, patients with pure dislocation were found to have a better range of motion compared to patients with dislocation and associated injuries. Prolonged follow ups, and effective rehabilitation programs are required in order to expect good outcomes.
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Multicenter Study
High-grade renal injuries are often isolated in sports-related trauma.
Most high-grade renal injuries (American Association for Surgery of Trauma (AAST) grades III-V) result from motor vehicle collisions associated with numerous concomitant injuries. Sports-related blunt renal injury tends to have a different mechanism, a solitary blow to the flank. We hypothesized that high-grade renal injury is often isolated in sports-related renal trauma. ⋯ High-grade sports-related blunt renal trauma is more likely to occur in isolation without other abdominal or thoracic injuries and clinicians must have a high suspicion of renal injury with significant blows to the flank during sports activities.
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Adult isolated ulnar shaft fractures (IUSFs) are uncommon, and treatment remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to compare results of operative (reduction internal fixation (RIF)) and nonoperative treatment (NOT) in patients with IUSF. ⋯ Level III.
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Functional status can be affected for considerable time after injury. Individual's functional status trajectories, or pathways, following injury may provide insights into achieving, or not achieving, optimal functional status. This study aims to (1) investigate functional status trajectories of injured individuals over two years by multiple dimensions and, (2) determine whether there are differences in functional status trajectories between those hospitalised and non-hospitalised. ⋯ Cross-sectional group-level prevalence does not adequately depict the underlying pathways experienced by individual participants. Our analyses indicate the importance of following up all study participants in longitudinal studies, including those reporting to have attained 'recovery' and of not under-estimating the impact of non-hospitalised injuries.