Injury
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Locking plate fixation for proximal humeral fractures is a commonly used device. Recently, plate breakages were continuously reported that the implants all have a mixture of holes allowing placement of both locking and non-locking screws (so-called combi plates). In commercialized proximal humeral plates, there still are two screw hole styles included "locking and dynamic holes separated" and "locking hole only" configurations. It is important to understand the biomechanical effect of different screw hole style on the stress distribution in bone plate. ⋯ The computed results provide a possible explanation for the breakages of combi plates revealed in clinical reports. The locking and dynamic holes separated design may be a better configuration to reduce the risk of plate fracture.
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During external fixator treatment, displacement of soft tissue at pin sites may cause infection and contracture. Due to surrounding soft tissue thickness, the femur is especially susceptible to severe complications. However, standard textbooks demonstrate only how major neurovascular bundles should be avoided. This study is the first cadaver study investigating which pin sites within safe zones exhibit minimal soft tissue displacement. ⋯ "Reference positions" for transosseous elements were defined within zones absent neurovascular bundles, indicating 30 sites with minimal tissue displacement. Three or four directions at each level were chosen: I.9-11, II.9-11, III.8-11, IV.8-11, V.7-10, VI.3, 7-9, VII.3, 4, 8, 9, and VIII.3, 4, 8, 9. The anterolateral aspect near the hip joint and the posterolateral aspect near the knee tended to be chosen. They may prove useful in perioperative practice.
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The objective of this study is to introduce a novel percutaneous reduction technique for irreducible and difficult paediatric radius and ulna fractures in the distal forearm. ⋯ The percutaneous reduction technique is a safe and valuable procedure for irreducible and difficult paediatric fractures of distal radius and ulna.
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Nonunion is a challenging problem that may occur after certain bone fractures. The treatment of nonunion is closely related to its type. To develop an effective treatment strategy for each type of nonunion, biological analysis of nonunion tissue is essential. Pseudoarthrosis is a distinct pathologic entity of nonunion. To understand the pathology of pseudoarthrosis, we investigated the cellular properties of pseudoarthrosis tissue-derived cells (PCs) in vitro. ⋯ We have shown for the first time the properties of cells in patients with pseudoarthrosis. Our results indicated that osteogenic cells existed in the pseudoarthrosis tissue. This study might provide insights into understanding the pathology of pseudoarthrosis and improving the treatment for pseudoarthrosis.