Injury
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Renal injury accounts for 1-5% of all traumatic injuries. Non-operative management (NOM) of renal trauma has demonstrated higher renal salvage rates and reduced morbidity. ⋯ Although the findings of this review are based on retrospective data, they suggest routine early re-imaging can be safely omitted for all NOM, renal injuries which remain asymptomatic, with no collecting system injury diagnosed on initial CT, provided appropriate delayed phase imaging is available. Future prospective studies are required to further clarify the indications of early re-imaging, specifically for NOM penetrating injuries, and the appropriate modality and timing of early re-imaging for all NOM renal trauma.
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Multicenter Study
Multi-center validation of the Bowel Injury Predictive Score (BIPS) for the early identification of need to operate in blunt bowel and mesenteric injuries.
The Bowel Injury Prediction Score (BIPS) is a tool for identifying patients at risk for blunt bowel and mesenteric injury (BBMI) requiring surgery. BIPS is calculated by assigning one point for each of the following: (1) WBC ≥ 17,000, (2) abdominal tenderness, and (3) injury grade ≥ 4 (mesenteric contusion or hematoma with bowel wall thickening or adjacent interloop fluid collection) on CT scan. A total score ≥ 2 is associated with BBMI requiring surgery. We aimed to validate the BIPS as a predictor for patients with BBMIs requiring operative intervention in a multi-center prospective study. ⋯ This prospective multi-center trial validates BIPS as a predictor of BBMI requiring surgery. Calculation of BIPS during the initial evaluation of trauma patients is a useful adjunct to help general surgeons taking trauma call determine operative versus non-operative management of patients with BBMI including those with severe alteration in mental status.
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The International Classification of diseases- based Injury Severity Score (ICISS) obtained by empirically derived diagnosis-specific survival probabilities (DSPs) is the best-known risk-adjustment measure to predict mortality. Recently, a new set of pooled DSPs has been proposed by the International Collaborative Effort on Injury Statistics but it remains to be externally validated in other cohorts. The aim of this study was to externally validate the ICISS using international DSPs and compare its prognostic performance with local DSPs derived from Greek adult trauma population. ⋯ This study supports the use of international DSPs for the ICISS to predict mortality in contemporary trauma patients and provides evidence regarding the potential benefit of applying local DSPs. Further research is warranted to confirm our findings and recommend the widespread use of ICISS as a valid measure that is easily obtained from administrative data based on ICD-10 codes.
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Transfusion strategy for trauma patients with massive haemorrhage is often incorporated in massive transfusion protocols (MTP). Albeit correct MTP use results in better patient outcome, research regarding the state of MTP knowledge is scarce. The objective of this study is therefore to assess knowledge of local MTP and massive transfusion strategy in the level 1 trauma centres in the Netherlands. Our hypothesis is that actual MTP knowledge is low and transfusion strategy differs. ⋯ The majority of physicians dealing with massive transfusion in trauma patients were not aware of the exact composition of the MTP and consensus regarding transfusion strategy and indication for platelet transfusion was low.
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Most of the data on high grade Traumatic renal injuries (TRI) has come from centres which predominantly encounter blunt trauma. Blunt and penetrating mechanisms are not analogous, and it is imprudent to blindly extrapolate management strategies between the two groups. In addition, within the broad group of penetrating mechanisms of injury there are also major differences between gunshot wounds (GSW) and stab wounds (SW). The aim of this comparative study of GSW and SW to the kidney is to quantify the impact of the mechanism of injury on nephrectomy rate in high grade TRI. ⋯ On a grade to grade comparison GSWs have a much higher risk for nephrectomy than SW's in grade IV and V TRI. TRI secondary to GSWs appears to be an independent risk factor for nephrectomy in high grade injuries. The mechanism of penetrating TRI should be considered in future management algorithms and clinical approaches.