Injury
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Observational Study
Injury hazard assessment in schools: Findings from a pilot study in Karachi, Pakistan.
Injuries are a major public health concern and one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Childhood injuries contribute to a major proportion of this burden. ⋯ In conclusion, there are multiple injury hazards in the private and public schools of Karachi, Pakistan.
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Observational Study
Road safety hazards for children while commuting to school: Findings from a pilot study in Karachi, Pakistan.
Road traffic injuries are a leading cause of mortality and morbidity among children. Travelling to and from school is a major risk exposure for children around the globe. ⋯ While traveling to school, either by walking or taking vehicular trips, children face many road traffic injury hazards in Karachi. Pedestrians and passengers exhibited risky behaviors while using roads. Further initiatives are advised from a public health viewpoint aiming at minimizing transport-related hazards.
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Firearm trauma remain a national crisis disproportionally impacting minority populations in the United States. Risk factors leading to unplanned readmission after firearm injury remain unclear. We hypothesized that socioeconomic factors have a major impact on unplanned readmission following assault-related firearm injury. ⋯ Here we present socioeconomic risk factors for unplanned readmission after assault-related firearm injury. Better understanding of this population can lead to improved outcomes, decreased readmissions, and decreased financial burden on hospitals and patients. Hospital-based violence intervention programs may use this to target mitigating intervention programs in this population.
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Early hip fracture surgery is recommended to decrease mortality, however the impact of a delay in surgery due to previous treatment with direct oral anticoagulants (DOA) is unknown. Our objective was to determine if early surgery, defined as surgery within 48 h of hospital admission is associated with decreased postoperative mortality. We tested the hypothesis that early surgery was beneficial with regard for mortality in patients treated with direct oral anticoagulants. ⋯ Early hip fracture surgery was associated with improved survival in patients previously treated with DOAs.
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Both mechanical and biological theories have been proposed in the development of non-union. The mechanical theory suggests that a high strain environment in a fracture will predispose it to non-union. While in simple fractures and wedge fractures there are only one and two primary fracture planes respectively, in multi-fragmentary fractures there are many and a non-union may form along any of the original fracture lines, however the plane which experiences the highest strain is at 45O - the shear plane. We hypothesise that in multi-fragmentary fractures the initial fracture line that most often fails to unite will tend towards the plane with the highest strain. ⋯ Prognostic level 3.