Injury
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Boxing is a sport well-known for the risk of injury. However, the epidemiology of boxing-associated fractures has not been well studied. This study aims to report the characteristics of boxing fractures that lead to presentation to the emergency room and evaluate the demographics and practices of the patients to prevent these injuries. ⋯ Hand fractures were the most common type of BAF. Males had significantly more BAFs, although the incidence of BAFs in females increased significantly since 2013. Fractures mainly occurred in recreational places, but from 2020-2022, most occurred at home. This shift coincided with the COVID-19 pandemic, suggesting increased home sparring. These findings emphasize the need for further research into protective measures and injury prevention in boxing.
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Pelvic fractures (PF) occur in up to 9 % of trauma cases, primarily from high-impact events, and are associated with increased morbidity and mortality due to frequent concomitant injuries. Thoracolumbar (TL) spinal fractures, particularly at the T10-L2 junction, are also common in high-energy trauma but are less frequently examined in association with PF. Missed TL fractures can lead to serious neurological deficits. Although Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) recommends screening for TL fractures in trauma patients, no standardized guidelines exist. This study aims to explore the relationship between PF and TL fractures in trauma patients and to identify key variables associated with these injuries. ⋯ Pelvic fractures from high-impact trauma are strongly associated with concomitant TL fractures, which lead to worse clinical outcomes. Routine TL spine screening in these patients is recommended to ensure timely diagnosis and treatment.
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Unintentional injuries pose significant challenges to public health, impacting individuals and communities. They also create significant economic costs for society as a whole. Common preventable fatal unintentional injuries among adults of working age include, among others, falls, poisonings, traffic accidents and drowning. ⋯ Fatal unintentional injuries among the working-age population have decreased in Finland due to national collaborative efforts in recent decades. However, preventive measures are still needed, especially to prevent unintentional injuries caused by substance abuse.
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The repair of critical-sized bone defects represents significant clinical challenge. An alternative approach is the use of 3D composite scaffolds to support bone regeneration. Hydroxyapatite (HA) and tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP), combined with polycaprolactone (PCL), offer promising mechanical resistance and biocompatibility. ⋯ The TGF-β/BMP pathway study showed the HA/TCP+ES group increased BMP-7 gene expression at 30 and 60 days, and also greater endothelial vascular formation. Moreover, the HA/TCP and HA/TCP+ES groups exhibited a bone remodeling profile, indicated by RANKL/OPG ratio. HA/TCP scaffolds with ES enhanced vascular formation and mineralization initially, while modulation of the BMP/TGF pathway maintained bone homeostasis, controlling resorption via ES with HA/TCP.
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Patients with chronic lateral ankle instability (CLAI) can be managed with arthroscopic Broström repair and inferior extensor retinaculum augmentation or arthroscopic assisted lateral ligament reconstruction using ipsilateral semitendinosus autograft, with good functional outcomes in patients. It is unclear whether one offers better outcome that the other. This retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data compared the outcomes of repair and reconstruction. ⋯ In CLAI patients, arthroscopic reconstruction yields better outcomes in terms of ATT, AOFAS, and KAFS in the mid-term; however, it is associated with a longer intraoperative time, delayed return to sports, and an extended duration to resume normal ankle function compared to the arthroscopic Broström repair and inferior extensor retinaculum augmentation procedure.