Chest
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Comparative Study
Sleep-disordered-breathing in Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (a genetic model of obstructive sleep apnea).
The objective of this study was to investigate the presence of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in patients with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. Ehlers-Danlos syndrome is a genetic disorder characterized by cartilaginous defects, including nasal-maxillary cartilages. ⋯ In patients with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, abnormal breathing during sleep is commonly unrecognized and is responsible for daytime fatigue and poor sleep. These patients are at particular risk for SDB because of genetically related cartilage defects that lead to the development of facial structures known to cause SDB. Ehlers-Danlos syndrome may be a genetic model for OSA because of abnormalities in oral-facial growth. Early recognition of SDB may allow treatment with orthodontics and myofacial reeducation.
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Comparative Study
Do e-cigarettes have the potential to compete with conventional cigarettes? A survey of conventional cigarette smokers' experiences with e-cigarettes.
Electronic cigarettes (ECs) are becoming increasingly popular globally. If they were to replace conventional cigarettes, it could have a substantial impact on public health. To evaluate EC's potential for competing with conventional cigarettes as a consumer product, we report the first data, to our knowledge, on the proportion of smokers who try ECs and become regular users. ⋯ Almost one-fifth of smokers who try ECs once go on to become regular users. ECs may develop into a genuine competitor to conventional cigarettes. Government agencies preparing to regulate ECs need to ensure that such moves do not create a market monopoly for conventional cigarettes.
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Comparative Study
Use of indwelling pleural catheters for cardiogenic pleural effusions.
Cardiogenic pleural effusions are rarely refractory to treatment of the underlying disease. Few options are available in these cases. Indwelling pleural catheter (IPC) insertion has been well described for the management of malignant pleural effusions. We present our experience with using IPCs for cardiogenic pleural effusion management. ⋯ IPC insertion for cardiogenic pleural effusion is a feasible option in carefully selected patients. Further research is needed to confirm the results and to assess the impact of IPC insertion on the quality of life of these patients.
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The 6-min walk test (6MWT) is commonly used to assess exercise capacity in patients with fibrotic idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (f-IIP). However, it is not known whether patients with f-IIP have reduced levels of physical activity in daily life (DLPA) or whether pulmonary function tests and the 6MWT correlate with their DLPA. ⋯ Quantitation of DLPA is a novel patient-centered approach to assess function in f-IIP and may be a useful tool for clinical care and assessing response to therapy.
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Comparative Study
The development and validation of the Anxiety Inventory for Respiratory disease (AIR).
Anxiety is a common comorbidity in patients with COPD, yet it remains underrecognized. Existing anxiety measures contain somatic items that can overlap with symptoms of COPD and side effects of medications. There is a need for a disease-specific nonsomatic anxiety scale to screen and measure anxiety in patients with COPD. ⋯ The AIR is a short, user-friendly, reliable, and valid scale for measuring and screening anxiety in patients with COPD.