Chest
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Cardiovascular Safety in Patients Receiving Roflumilast for the Treatment of COPD.
Evaluation of cardiovascular safety for new therapies for COPD is important because of a high prevalence of cardiac comorbidities in the COPD population. Hence, we evaluated the effects of roflumilast, a novel oral phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor developed for the treatment and prevention of COPD exacerbations, on major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). ⋯ A lower rate of cardiovascular events was observed with roflumilast than with placebo in patients with COPD, indicating the lack of a cardiovascular safety signal when treating patients with COPD. Potential cardiovascular benefits of roflumilast should be evaluated in future controlled clinical trials.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Oral Treprostinil for the Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Patients Receiving Background Endothelin Receptor Antagonist and Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitor Therapy (The FREEDOM-C2 Study): A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Treprostinil is a stable prostacyclin analog approved for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) as parenteral or inhaled therapy. Treprostinil diolamine, a sustained-release oral formulation of treprostinil, was studied to determine whether it could provide a more convenient prostacyclin treatment option for patients with less severe PAH. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral treprostinil in patients with PAH receiving stable background endothelin receptor antagonist (ERA), phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor (PDE-5I) therapy, or both. ⋯ The addition of oral treprostinil to background ERA and PDE-5I therapy did not result in a statistically significant improvement in exercise capacity. Side effects were common but tolerated by most subjects.
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Comparative Study
Optoelectronic plethysmography as an alternative method for the diagnosis of unilateral diaphragmatic weakness.
The objective was to determine whether optoelectronic plethysmography (OEP) can detect asymmetric ventilation related to unilateral or asymmetric diaphragmatic weakness, suggesting usefulness as a diagnostic tool. ⋯ OEP detected asymmetric ventilation in all patients diagnosed with unilateral diaphragm weakness and in no patients without this diagnosis. Thus, OEP is an effective noninvasive alternative that is preferred by the patients over CMAP response and latPdiTw.
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Review Meta Analysis
Bidirectional Associations Between Clinically Relevant Depression or Anxiety and COPD: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
The longitudinal associations between depression or anxiety and COPD, and their comorbid effect on prognosis, have not been adequately addressed by previous reviews. We aimed to systematically assess these associations to inform guidelines and practice. ⋯ Depression and anxiety adversely affect prognosis in COPD, conferring an increased risk of exacerbation and possibly death. Conversely, COPD increases the risk of developing depression. These bidirectional associations suggest potential usefulness of screening for these disease combinations to direct timely therapeutic intervention.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Incidence and Risk Factors of Legionella pneumophila Pneumonia During Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Therapy: A Prospective French Study.
Our objective was to describe the incidence and risk factors of legionellosis associated with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α antagonist use. ⋯ The incidence rate of legionellosis for patients receiving TNF-α antagonists is high, and the risk is higher for patients receiving anti-TNF-α monoclonal antibodies than soluble TNF-receptor therapy. In case of pneumonia occurring during TNF-α antagonist therapy, specific urine antigen detection should be performed and antibiotic therapy should cover legionellosis.