Chest
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Case Reports
A Case Report of Portopulmonary Hypertension Precipitated by Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt.
We report here a case of portopulmonary hypertension following transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt.
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Case Reports
RESEARCH LETTER: Pulmonary function and risk of Alzheimer dementia: two-sample Mendelian randomization study.
A 38-year-old African American woman with a history of menometrorrhagia on previous estrogen therapy and a previously biopsied benign thyroid nodule with recent interval enlargement presented with symptoms of shortness of breath on exertion, an intermittent nonproductive cough, and right upper quadrant abdominal pain for 1 year. She denied wheezing, hemoptysis, fevers, night sweats, or unintentional weight loss. Socially, the patient was a lifelong nonsmoker and denied alcohol or drug use. ⋯ Recent cancer screening that included Papanicolaou smear and mammography were negative for neoplasia. Vital signs were normal, and ambulatory pulse oximetry did not demonstrate evidence of oxygen desaturation. Physical examination demonstrated normal respiratory effort, diffuse vesicular breath sounds, and a soft abdomen without hepatomegaly or right upper quadrant tenderness.
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A 44-year-old woman was referred for evaluation of dyspnea on exertion and multiple nodular opacities on a chest CT scan. She had a medical history of autoimmune encephalitis, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, migraines, and allergic rhinitis. Ten years earlier, the patient was admitted to an outside institution with symptoms of shortness of breath. ⋯ She previously worked as a teacher and is currently unemployed. She had no other relevant exposures. She denied a family history of autoimmune diseases or malignancies.
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Despite numerous advances in the understanding of the pathophysiology, progression, and management of acute respiratory failure (ARF) and ARDS, limited contemporary data are available on the mortality burden of ARF and ARDS in the United States. ⋯ The ARF-related mortality increased at approximately 3.4% annually, and ARDS-related mortality showed a lack of decline in the last 5 years. These data contextualize important health information to guide priorities for research, clinical care, and policy, especially during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in the United States.
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In the United States, COPD is a leading cause of mortality, with a substantial societal health and economic burden. With anticipated population growth, it is important for various stakeholders to have an estimate for the projected burden of disease. ⋯ This study projects the substantial burden of COPD that the American society is expected to incur with current patterns for treatments and smoking rates. Mitigating such burden requires targeted budget appropriations and cost-effective interventions.