Chest
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A close relationship exists between OSA and obesity. The impact of obesity on the prognostic significance of OSA in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains unclear. ⋯ gov.
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Lung cancer screening (LCS) with low-dose CT (LDCT) imaging was recommended in 2013, making approximately 8 million Americans eligible for LCS. The demographic characteristics and outcomes of individuals screened in the United States have not been reported at the population level. ⋯ This study revealed both the positive aspects of CT scan screening for lung cancer and the challenges that remain. Findings on CT imaging were correlated accurately with lung cancer detection using the Lung-RADS system. A significant stage shift toward early-stage lung cancer was present. Adherence to LCS was poor and likely contributes to the lower than expected cancer detection rate, all of which will impact the outcomes of patients undergoing screening for lung cancer.
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CT Mucus Score and 129Xe MRI Ventilation Defects after 2.5-years anti-IL-5Rα in Eosinophilic Asthma.
We previously showed in patients with poorly controlled eosinophilic asthma that a single dose of benralizumab resulted in significantly improved Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ-6) score and 129Xe MRI ventilation defect percent (VDP) 28 days postinjection, and 129Xe MRI VDP and CT airway mucus occlusions were shown to independently predict this early ACQ-6 response to benralizumab. ⋯ In poorly controlled eosinophilic asthma, early MRI VDP responses at 28 days post-benralizumab persisted 2.5 years later, alongside significantly improved mucus scores and asthma control.
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Individuals with cough hypersensitivity have increased central neural responses to tussive stimuli, which may result in maladaptive morphometric changes in the central cough processing systems. ⋯ The Netherlands National Trial Registry (NTR; www.trialregister.nl) and the World Health Organization's International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP; www.who.int/ictrp/network/primary/en/) under the joint catalogue number NTR6831.
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Frailty, measured as a single construct, is associated variably with poor outcomes before and after lung transplantation. The usefulness of a comprehensive frailty assessment before transplantation is unknown. ⋯ Both phenotypic and cumulative deficit models measured before transplantation are associated with short-term outcomes after lung transplantation. Cumulative deficit measures of frailty may be more relevant in the first 90 days after transplantation, whereas phenotypic frailty may have a stronger association with 1-year survival.