Chest
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The coronary artery calcium score (CACS) and ratio of the pulmonary artery to aorta diameters (PA:A ratio) measured from chest CT scans have been established as predictors of cardiovascular events and COPD exacerbations, respectively. However, little is known about the reciprocal relationship between these predictors and outcomes. Furthermore, the prognostic implications of COPD subtypes on clinical outcomes remain insufficiently characterized. ⋯ Two chest CT scan parameters, CACS and PA:A ratio, hold distinct predictive values for cardiovascular events and COPD exacerbations that are influenced by specific COPD subtypes.
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Acute exacerbations (AEs) of COPD are increasingly recognized as episodes of heightened risk of cardiovascular events. It is not known whether exacerbation history is differentially associated with future myocardial infarction (MI) or pulmonary embolism (PE). ⋯ The risk of MI and PE increased with the frequency and severity of AEs of COPD in this large, real-life cohort of patients with COPD.
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People with HIV are at increased risk for lung cancer and multimorbidity, complicating the balance of risks and benefits of lung cancer screening. We previously adapted Decision Precision (screenlc.com) to guide shared decision-making for lung cancer screening in people with HIV. ⋯ gov.
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Although infections play a role in the development of lung cancer, the longitudinal association between infection and the risk of lung cancer is disputed, and data relating to pathogen types and infection sites are sparse. ⋯ Both observational and genetic analyses suggest that infectious diseases could increase the risk of lung cancer. The dual perspective on the LRTIs and extra-LRTIs impacts may inform lung cancer prevention strategies.
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Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) was previously established as a method that can increase the pathogen identification rate in patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP). ⋯ ChiCTR2000037894.