Chest
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Artificial Intelligence improves novices' bronchoscopy performance - a randomized controlled trial in a simulated setting.
Navigating through the bronchial tree and visualizing all bronchial segments is the initial step toward learning flexible bronchoscopy. A novel bronchial segment identification system based on artificial intelligence (AI) has been developed to help guide trainees toward more effective training. ⋯ Training guided by this novel AI makes novices perform more complete, more systematic, and faster bronchoscopies. Future studies should examine its use in a clinical setting and its effects on more advanced learners.
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Programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression on tumor cells, evaluated by immunohistochemistry, guides the use of immunotherapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). ⋯ Cytologic specimens provide an accurate assessment of PD-L1 expression in most patients with NSCLC, at both ≥ 1% and ≥ 50% cutoffs, when compared with histologic specimens.