Chest
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Observational Study
Sputum Type 2 markers could predict remission in severe asthma treated with anti-Interleukin-5.
Biotherapies targeting IL-5 allow a tangible improvement of asthma. However, all patients do not respond the same way to these treatments. Even if high blood eosinophil counts seem to be associated with a reduction in exacerbations with treatment targeting IL-5, we lack biomarkers for the prediction of remission after these very expensive treatments. ⋯ Sputum type 2 markers seemed to be potentially predictive of remission after anti-IL-5 therapy in a cohort of patients with severe eosinophilic asthma. These results need validation on a larger cohort.
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Children and young adults with congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS) are at risk of cognitive deficits. They experience autonomic dysfunction and chemoreceptor insensitivity measured during ventilatory and orthostatic challenges, but relationships between these features are undefined. ⋯ In children and young adults with CCHS, SpO2 and HR-or change in HR-at rest and as a response to hypoxia and orthostasis are related to cognitive outcomes in domains of known risk, particularly fluid reasoning. These findings can guide additional research on the usefulness of these as biomarkers in understanding the impact of daily physical stressors on neurodevelopment in this high-risk group.
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Observational Study
The Impact of Covid-19 on Lung Cancer Incidence in England: Analysis of the National Lung Cancer Audit 2019 and 2020 Rapid Cancer Registration Datasets.
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant disruption to health-care services and delivery worldwide. The impact of the pandemic and associated national lockdowns on lung cancer incidence in England have yet to be assessed. ⋯ The incidence rates of lung cancer in England fell significantly by 26% during the first national lockdown in 2020 and did not compensate later in the year.
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The impact of positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy for OSA on health care costs is uncertain. ⋯ In participants with OSA, better PAP adherence was associated with significantly lower health care costs over 3 years. Findings support the importance of strategies to enhance long-term PAP adherence.
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A 56-year-old Chinese man, who did not smoke, presented with a 2-month history of cough and bloody sputum. He also complained of fatigue, night sweats, chest pain, and shortness of breath, with no chills or loss of weight. He previously worked as a veterinarian and had been infected with Brucella 30 years ago. ⋯ The results of the purified protein derivative skin test and interferon-gamma release assay for TB were negative. Brucella agglutination test was also negative. On the night of admission, the patient coughed up two silver-white-colored shiny stones and had a fever of up to 38.5 °C on the following days.