European journal of preventive cardiology
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Review Practice Guideline
Importance of characteristics and modalities of physical activity and exercise in defining the benefits to cardiovascular health within the general population: recommendations from the EACPR (Part I).
Over the last decades, more and more evidence is accumulated that physical activity (PA) and exercise interventions are essential components in primary and secondary prevention for cardiovascular disease. However, it is less clear whether and which type of PA and exercise intervention (aerobic exercise, dynamic resistive exercise, or both) or characteristic of exercise (frequency, intensity, time or duration, and volume) would yield more benefit in achieving cardiovascular health. ⋯ The guidance offered in this series of papers is aimed at medical doctors, health practitioners, kinesiologists, physiotherapists and exercise physiologists, politicians, public health policy makers, and the individual member of the public. Based on previous and the current literature, recommendations from the European Association on Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation are formulated regarding type, volume, and intensity of PA and exercise.
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To assess the prognostic value of an inconclusive exercise test or inability to exercise in patients with recent onset suspected cardiac chest pain and to determine the independent predictors of events in these patients. ⋯ In patients with recent onset suspected cardiac chest pain, not having a diagnostic exercise ECG because of an inconclusive test or inability to exercise is an independent predictor of events and has similar prognostic implications to a positive exercise ECG. In addition, pre-test probability estimation at baseline is a robust indicator of clinical outcome. Future models of care need to incorporate early and increased access to non-exercise cardiac imaging techniques in order to meet the needs of this high-risk subgroup of patients.
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The relationship between alcohol consumption and carotid atherosclerosis has been reported in some epidemiological studies, but the results were conflicting. We investigated the association between alcohol intake and carotid atherosclerosis in the Han, Uygur, and Kazakh populations in Xinjiang in western China. ⋯ Our results indicated that alcohol consumption was associated with carotid atherosclerosis and that moderate drinking had an inverse association with carotid atherosclerosis. However, the definition of moderate drinking could be different in Han, Uygur, and Kazakh populations.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Arriba: effects of an educational intervention on prescribing behaviour in prevention of CVD in general practice.
Evidence on the effectiveness of educational interventions on prescribing behaviour modification in prevention of cardiovascular disease is still insufficient. We evaluated the effects of a brief educational intervention on prescription of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins), inhibitors of platelet aggregation (IPA), and antihypertensive agents (AH). ⋯ The active implementation of a brief evidence-based educational intervention on global risk in CVD did not lead directly to risk-adjusted changes in prescription. Investigations on an extended time scale would capture whether decision support of this kind would improve prescribing risk-adjusted sustainably.
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To investigate changes in cardiovascular risk factors over 14 years in relation to diabetes status. ⋯ Despite greater relative reduction in cardiovascular risk factors among people with DM2 compared to those without, treatment targets were met in less than 50% of subjects with DM2. Thirteen percent reached the combined targets for glucose, BP and LDL-C control. This indicates a need for more effective strategies to control cardiovascular risk factors especially among individuals with DM2.