Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics
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Hum Vaccin Immunother · Jan 2019
Vaccination and risk of lone atrial fibrillation in the active component United States military.
To evaluate the hypothesis that receipt of anthrax vaccine adsorbed (AVA) increases the risk of atrial fibrillation in the absence of identifiable underlying risk factors or structural heart disease (lone atrial fibrillation). ⋯ We did not find an increased risk of lone atrial fibrillation after AVA, influenza or smallpox vaccine. These findings may be helpful in planning future vaccine safety research.
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Hum Vaccin Immunother · Jan 2019
Reduction of influenza A(H3N2)-associated symptoms by influenza vaccination in school aged-children during the 2014-2015 winter season dominated by mismatched H3N2 viruses.
Little is known about the vaccine effectiveness (VE) in attenuating the influenza-associated symptoms in children during the 2014-2015 influenza season in Beijing, China, in which there was a mismatch between the vaccine and circulating strain. ⋯ Influenza vaccination may reduce the clinical symptoms of laboratory-confirmed influenza cases potentially even in the mismatching season.
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Hum Vaccin Immunother · Jan 2019
Outbreak of mumps in a student population with high vaccination coverage in China: time for two-dose vaccination.
In 2016, an outbreak of mumps occurred in a primary school in China with a student population having high vaccination coverage. An unmatched case-control study was performed to identify risk factors contributing to this outbreak, and a retrospective cohort study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of mumps-containing vaccine (MuCV). A total of 97 cases were identified during the outbreak, and the overall attack rate was 8.2%. ⋯ We found that outbreaks of mumps can occur in schools despite high coverage of one-dose MuCV vaccination. Although the VE of both two-dose and one-dose MuCV wanes over time, the overall VE for two-dose MuCV was superior than that of one-dose MuCV. Therefore, a two-dose MuCV schedule through routine services is likely needed in order to control mumps epidemics in China.
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Hum Vaccin Immunother · Jan 2019
ReviewKey considerations for successful implementation of maternal immunization programs in low and middle income countries.
The Maternal Neonatal Tetanus Elimination program is proof of concept for the feasibility and potential for maternal immunization to reduce neonatal mortality particularly in low and middle-income countries. Introduction of any additional vaccine into the antenatal space, such as Influenza and Pertussis, and potentially Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Group B Streptococcus vaccines in the future, requires strengthening of antenatal care and immunization services. ⋯ This review outlines five key elements essential for successful implementation of a maternal immunization program focusing particularly on low and middle-income countries. These include; relevant considerations in supporting a decision to undertake a maternal immunization program including knowledge of local disease epidemiology, involvement of the consumer, healthcare provider recommendation, equitable access to maternal vaccination, and systems for disease surveillance, program evaluation and safety monitoring.
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Hum Vaccin Immunother · Jan 2019
Reporting quality of systematic reviews of interventions aimed at improving vaccination coverage: compliance with PRISMA guidelines.
Systematic reviews have become increasingly important for informing clinical practice and policy; however, little is known about the reporting characteristics and quality of SRs of interventions to improve immunization coverage in different settings. The aim of this study was to assess the reporting quality of systematic reviews of interventions aimed at improving vaccination coverage using the recommended Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guideline. PubMed and Cochrane Library were searched to identify SRs of interventions to improve immunization coverage, indexed up to May 2016. ⋯ Compliance was poorest in the items "describing summary of evidence" (item 24, 19%), "describing indication of review protocol and registration" (item 5, 26%) and "describing results of risk of bias across studies (item 22, 33%). The overall reporting quality of systematic reviews of interventions to improve vaccination coverage requires significant improvement. There remains a need for additional research targeted at addressing potential barriers to compliance and strategies to improve compliance with PRISMA guideline.