Stroke; a journal of cerebral circulation
-
Comparative Study
Effects of high atmospheric pressure and oxygen on middle cerebral blood flow velocity in humans measured by transcranial Doppler.
There are several reports that have studied the effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on cerebral blood flow (CBF). However, most of the reports have been of animal experiments, and human studies are few so far. The aim of this study is to clarify the relationship between HBO and CBF in humans. ⋯ We conclude that hyperoxemia caused by HBO reduces the CBF, but the high atmospheric pressure per se does not influence the CBF in humans.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Treatment of acute ischemic stroke with piracetam. Members of the Piracetam in Acute Stroke Study (PASS) Group.
Piracetam, a nootropic agent with neuroprotective properties, has been reported in pilot studies to increase compromised regional cerebral blood flow in patients with acute stroke and, given soon after onset, to improve clinical outcome. We performed a multicenter, randomized, double-blind trial to test whether piracetam conferred benefit when given within 12 hours of the onset of acute ischemic stroke to a large group of patients. ⋯ Piracetam did not influence outcome when given within 12 hours of the onset of acute ischemic stroke. Post hoc analyses suggest that piracetam may confer benefit when given within 7 hours of onset, particularly in patients with stroke of moderate and severe degree. A randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter study, the Piracetam Acute Stroke Study II (PASS II) will soon begin.
-
Responses to changes in intraluminal pressure of isolated human pial arteries (200 to 1200 microns i.d.) obtained from patients undergoing neurosurgery were measured. ⋯ There is a specific gradient of myogenic responsiveness in human pial arteries that varies inversely with their diameter. This tone does not develop in all vascular beds. These levels of tone in the pial circulation would be expected to be of profound functional significance by allowing blood flow to vary widely.
-
Warfarin reduces the rate of stroke among patients with atrial fibrillation. We sought to determine warfarin use within a population sample of elderly patients with atrial fibrillation. ⋯ Warfarin anticoagulation with atrial fibrillation, even among "ideal" candidates, appears dramatically underutilized. In addition, among those prescribed warfarin, patients are often undertreated. Increased warfarin use among patients with atrial fibrillation represents an excellent opportunity for stroke prevention in the elderly.
-
Until now the assessment of intracranial pressure (ICP) required invasive methods. The objective of this study was to introduce an approach to a noninvasive assessment of continuous ICP curves. ⋯ These results demonstrate that this method constitutes a promising step toward a noninvasive ICP prediction that may be clinically applicable under well-defined conditions.