JAMA internal medicine
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JAMA internal medicine · Nov 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyBrief intervention for patients with problematic drug use presenting in emergency departments: a randomized clinical trial.
Medical treatment settings such as emergency departments (EDs) present important opportunities to address problematic substance use. Currently, EDs do not typically intervene beyond acute medical stabilization. ⋯ In this sample of drug users seeking emergency medical treatment, a relatively robust brief intervention did not improve substance use outcomes. More work is needed to determine how drug use disorders may be addressed effectively in the ED.
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JAMA internal medicine · Nov 2014
Home-based primary care and the risk of ambulatory care-sensitive condition hospitalization among older veterans with diabetes mellitus.
Primary care services based at home have the potential to reduce the likelihood of hospitalization among older adults with multiple chronic diseases. ⋯ Home-Based Primary Care is associated with a decreased probability of ambulatory care-sensitive condition hospitalization among elderly veterans with diabetes mellitus. In accountable care models, HBPC may have an important role in the management of older adults with multiple chronic diseases.
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JAMA internal medicine · Nov 2014
CommentLack of publicly available scientific evidence on the safety and effectiveness of implanted medical devices.
Under the 510(k) process, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) clears about 400 implanted medical devices that are considered moderate to high risk for market each year without requiring clinical testing. Instead, the FDA requires the applicant to provide scientific evidence that the new device is "substantially equivalent" to a device or devices already on the market (predicate devices). Companies are legally required to submit the evidence to the FDA and to make publicly available at least a summary of the evidence. ⋯ Despite the legal requirement that scientific evidence of substantial equivalence be publicly available for medical devices cleared by the FDA through the 501(k) process, such information is lacking for most implanted medical devices cleared between 2008 and 2012, as well as for their predicates.
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JAMA internal medicine · Nov 2014
Quality of care for elderly patients hospitalized for pneumonia in the United States, 2006 to 2010.
Nearly every US acute care hospital reports publicly on adherence to recommended processes of care for patients hospitalized with pneumonia. However, it remains uncertain how much performance of these process measures has improved over time or whether performance is associated with superior patient outcomes. ⋯ Performance of processes of care for elderly patients hospitalized for pneumonia improved substantially from 2006 to 2010. Adjusted 30-day mortality declined slightly over time primarily owing to improved survival among non-ICU patients, and all individual processes of care were independently associated with reduced mortality.