JAMA internal medicine
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JAMA internal medicine · May 2014
National estimates of insulin-related hypoglycemia and errors leading to emergency department visits and hospitalizations.
Detailed, nationally representative data describing high-risk populations and circumstances involved in insulin-related hypoglycemia and errors (IHEs) can inform approaches to individualizing glycemic targets. ⋯ Rates of ED visits and subsequent hospitalizations for IHEs were highest in patients 80 years or older; the risks of hypoglycemic sequelae in this age group should be considered in decisions to prescribe and intensify insulin. Meal-planning misadventures and insulin product mix-ups are important targets for hypoglycemia prevention efforts.
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JAMA internal medicine · May 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Pragmatic Clinical TrialProactive tobacco treatment and population-level cessation: a pragmatic randomized clinical trial.
Current tobacco use treatment approaches require smokers to request treatment or depend on the provider to initiate smoking cessation care and are therefore reactive. Most smokers do not receive evidence-based treatments for tobacco use that include both behavioral counseling and pharmacotherapy. ⋯ Proactive, population-based tobacco cessation care using proactive outreach to connect smokers to evidence-based telephone or in-person smoking cessation services is effective for increasing long-term population-level cessation rates.
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JAMA internal medicine · May 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialEffect of long-chain ω-3 fatty acids and lutein + zeaxanthin supplements on cardiovascular outcomes: results of the Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2 (AREDS2) randomized clinical trial.
Dietary supplements have been proposed as a mechanism to improve health and prevent disease. ⋯ Dietary supplementation of long-chain ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids or macular xanthophylls in addition to daily intake of minerals and vitamins did not reduce the risk of CVD in elderly participants with age-related macular degeneration.