JAMA internal medicine
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JAMA internal medicine · May 2017
Observational StudyAssociation of a Community Campaign for Better Beverage Choices With Beverage Purchases From Supermarkets.
Data are needed to evaluate community interventions to reduce consumption of sugary drinks. Supermarket sales data can be used for this purpose. ⋯ A locally designed, multicomponent campaign to reduce consumption of sugary drinks was associated with an accelerated decrease in sales of regular soda, fruit drinks, and 100% juice. This policy-focused campaign provides a road map for other communities to reduce consumption of sugary drinks.
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JAMA internal medicine · May 2017
Comparative StudyComparison of Male vs Female Resident Milestone Evaluations by Faculty During Emergency Medicine Residency Training.
Although implicit bias in medical training has long been suspected, it has been difficult to study using objective measures, and the influence of sex and gender in the evaluation of medical trainees is unknown. The emergency medicine (EM) milestones provide a standardized framework for longitudinal resident assessment, allowing for analysis of resident performance across all years and programs at a scope and level of detail never previously possible. ⋯ Although male and female residents receive similar evaluations at the beginning of residency, the rate of milestone attainment throughout training was higher for male than female residents across all EM subcompetencies, leading to a gender gap in evaluations that continues until graduation. Faculty should be cognizant of possible gender bias when evaluating medical trainees.
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JAMA internal medicine · May 2017
Rates and Characteristics of Paid Malpractice Claims Among US Physicians by Specialty, 1992-2014.
Although physician concerns about medical malpractice are substantial, national data are lacking on the rate of claims paid on behalf of US physicians by specialty. ⋯ Between 1992 and 2014, the rate of malpractice claims paid on behalf of physicians in the United States declined substantially. Mean compensation amounts and the percentage of paid claims exceeding $1 million increased, with wide differences in rates and characteristics across specialties. A better understanding of the causes of variation among specialties in paid malpractice claims may help reduce both patient injury and physicians' risk of liability.
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JAMA internal medicine · May 2017
Racial Disparities in Medical Student Membership in the Alpha Omega Alpha Honor Society.
Previous studies have found racial and ethnic inequities in the receipt of academic awards, such as promotions and National Institutes of Health research funding, among academic medical center faculty. Few data exist about similar racial/ethnic disparities at the level of undergraduate medical education. ⋯ Black and Asian medical students were less likely than their white counterparts to be members of AΩA, which may reflect bias in selection. In turn, AΩA membership selection may affect future opportunities for minority medical students.
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JAMA internal medicine · Apr 2017
Randomized Controlled TrialThe Long-term Effect of Acupuncture for Migraine Prophylaxis: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
The long-term prophylactic effects of acupuncture for migraine are uncertain. ⋯ Among patients with migraine without aura, true acupuncture may be associated with long-term reduction in migraine recurrence compared with sham acupuncture or assigned to a waiting list.