JAMA otolaryngology-- head & neck surgery
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JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · Apr 2019
Observational StudyAssociation of Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Depression and Anxiety in a Nationwide Insurance Population.
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is associated with a decreased quality of life, affecting physical and emotional aspects of daily function, the latter of which could manifest as depression and anxiety. ⋯ This observational study suggests that CRS is associated with an increased incidence of depression and anxiety. Specifically, findings from this study found that patients without nasal polyps showed a higher risk of developing depression and anxiety than those with nasal polyps.
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JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · Mar 2019
ReviewDiagnosis, Classification, and Management of Pediatric Tracheobronchomalacia: A Review.
Tracheobronchomalacia (TBM) describes an increased collapsibility of the trachea and bronchi that is greatest on forced expiration. A broad term, TBM encompasses intrinsic tracheal weakness, some forms of tracheal deformation, and extrinsic compression. Tracheobronchomalacia is the most common congenital tracheal anomaly, affecting 1 in 2100 children. Tracheobronchomalacia is often associated with recurrent and prolonged respiratory tract infections, can lead to chronic lung disease, and can be fatal in its most severe form. Tracheobronchomalacia is often associated with other congenital anomalies and syndromes. ⋯ Tracheobronchomalacia is an entity of relevance to pediatric otolaryngologists and should be considered as being associated with respiratory distress, stridor, cough, recurrent pneumonia, or feeding difficulties, especially in children with syndromes or other congenital anomalies. A multidisciplinary approach to these patients is essential. A classification scheme facilitates discussion of individual patients among health care professionals and guides appropriate management. Novel surgical approaches for the treatment of TBM, including anterior and posterior tracheopexy and aortopexy, may be considered in management of the treatment of children with symptomatic TBM.
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JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · Feb 2019
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyEffect of Total Intravenous Anesthesia vs Volatile Induction With Maintenance Anesthesia on Emergence Agitation After Nasal Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Emergence agitation is common after nasal surgery under general anesthesia and may lead to serious consequences for the patient, including an increased risk of injury, pain, hemorrhage, and self-extubation. Despite decades of research, studies on the incidence, risk factors, and prevention of emergence agitation in adult patients are ongoing, and opinions differ on the different effects of inhalation and intravenous anesthesia. ⋯ The occurrence of emergence agitation after nasal surgery under general anesthesia can be significantly reduced by using TIVA rather than VIMA.
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JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · Feb 2019
Association of Preoperative Anemia With 30-Day Morbidity and Mortality Among Patients With Thyroid Cancer Who Undergo Thyroidectomy.
Despite the ease of preoperative anemia diagnosis and the availability of treatment options, the morbidity and mortality associated with this condition remain unacceptably high, and the literature describing the association of preoperative anemia with postoperative outcomes following thyroid surgery in patients with thyroid cancer remain sparse. Reporting outcomes in this patient population may help to facilitate preoperative optimization. ⋯ The findings from this study suggest that preoperative anemia may not only be associated with racial differences and a higher comorbidity burden but may also increase the likelihood of postoperative morbidity and mortality. These results may provide a basis for further risk reduction strategies and preoperative optimization.
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JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · Feb 2019
Association Between Conventional Bicycle Helmet Use and Facial Injuries After Bicycle Crashes.
Bicycling is an increasingly common activity in the United States that is often associated with fall injuries to the head and face. Although helmets lessen head injury, their role in reducing facial injuries is less clear; therefore, it is important to understand the protective capacity for the face in current helmet design. ⋯ Although bicycle helmets provide some protection against facial injuries after bicycle crashes, the level of protection depends on the proximity of the injury to the helmeted head. The lower face is particularly vulnerable to injury despite helmet use.