European journal of clinical pharmacology
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Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. · Sep 2017
Review Meta AnalysisDose-related effect of statins in patients with endovascular coiling or microsurgical clipping for aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: updated study-level meta-analysis.
We aimed to quantitatively assess the effects of short-term statin use on delayed ischemic neurologic deficits (DINDs) and clinical outcomes in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) through a meta-analysis of the available evidence. ⋯ The present meta-analysis suggests that statin use may prevent DINDs in patients with aneurysmal SAH. Based on our findings, the role of statins in improving neurological outcome was limited. However, the risk of DINDs and mortality decreased with higher statin doses in a dose-dependent manner. Hence, further well-designed RCTs with modified protocols in specific patients are required.
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Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. · Aug 2017
Rational use of medicine in dentistry: do dentists prescribe antibiotics in appropriate indications?
There are concerns regarding appropriate use of antibiotics in dentistry practice. Data on dental antibiotic prescribing patterns by dentists is relatively limited. This nationwide study aimed to examine dentists' antibiotic prescriptions in a diagnosis-based manner in Turkey. ⋯ This study showed that dentists prescribed antibiotics in an arbitrary and mostly unnecessary manner. In general, their antibiotic choices for examined diagnoses could be regarded as irrational. These results indicate the urgent need for improvement of rational antibiotic prescribing habits of dentists.
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Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. · Aug 2017
ReviewA systematic review of interventions to deprescribe benzodiazepines and other hypnotics among older people.
Benzodiazepines are effective medicines for insomnia and anxiety but are commonly used beyond recommended treatment time frames, which may lead to adverse drug events. The aim of this systematic review was to critically evaluate the success of interventions used to reduce benzodiazepines and 'Z-drug' use, and the impact of these interventions on clinical outcomes in older adults. ⋯ Current evidence shows that benzodiazepine withdrawal is feasible in the older population, but withdrawal rates vary according to the type of intervention. As the benefits and sustainability of these interventions are unclear, further studies should be conducted to assess this.
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Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. · Jan 2017
Randomized Controlled TrialEffect of bosutinib on the absorption of dabigatran etexilate mesylate, a P-glycoprotein substrate, in healthy subjects.
Bosutinib, a dual Src and Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia, demonstrated concentration-dependent inhibitory effects on P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-mediated digoxin efflux in vitro, suggesting that bosutinib may inhibit P-gp substrates. The effect of bosutinib on dabigatran etexilate mesylate (EM) absorption, a P-gp substrate, was evaluated. ⋯ These data demonstrate that single doses of bosutinib do not affect dabigatran exposure, suggesting that bosutinib is not a clinical inhibitor of P-gp.
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Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. · Jan 2017
Adverse drug events in patients with advanced chronic conditions who have a prognosis of limited life expectancy at hospital admission.
Adverse drug events (ADEs) lead to adverse clinical outcomes such as hospitalization. There is little information about the characteristics of ADEs in patients with advanced chronic conditions and have a prognosis of limited life expectancy. This study aimed to evaluate (i) the prevalence of ADEs at the time of admission to hospital, (ii) the causality, severity, and preventability of the ADEs, and (iii) the clinical and pharmacological characteristics associated with the ADEs. ⋯ ADEs are common, largely preventable, and implicated in the hospitalization of patients who require palliative care.