European journal of clinical pharmacology
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Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. · May 2012
Case ReportsLenalidomide induced intrahepatic cholestasis in newly diagnosed patients of multiple myeloma.
The chemotherapeutic regimen melphalan, prednisolone, and thalidomide (MPT) is the standard of care for symptomatic multiple myeloma patients who are not eligible for high dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell therapy. Lenalidomide, a newer thalidomide derivative, is 300 times more potent than thalidomide. ⋯ We report here one rare adverse effect, i.e., intrahepatic cholestasis related to lenalidomide, in two patients out of a total of 65 newly diagnosed cases of multiple myeloma receiving MPL regimen in our series. As the use of lenalidomide will increase in the future for multiple myeloma and other diseases, clinicians should be aware of this entity.
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Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. · Apr 2012
Clinical TrialPharmacokinetics of the local anesthetic ropivacaine after transversus abdominis plane block in healthy volunteers.
The transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block is a regional anesthetic technique used for pain control following abdominal surgical procedures. While a minimum of systemic side effects is usually expected after local anesthesia, it is unknown to which extent systemic absorption and redistribution to the abdominal wall contributes to the effects of anesthetics. The aim of this study was to determine concentration-time profiles of ropivacaine after the injection of 150 mg of ropivacaine into the lateral abdominal wall in various compartments. ⋯ While the systemic pharmacokinetics was comparable between subjects, the local distribution of ropivacaine was highly variable after TAP block.
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Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. · Feb 2012
Children's views on unlicensed/off-label paediatric prescribing and paediatric clinical trials.
To explore the views and perspectives of children on the unlicensed/off-label use of medicines in children and on the participation of children in clinical trials. ⋯ Health care professionals should consider the views of children in decisions that affect their health.
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Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. · Jan 2012
Multicenter StudyDo CYP2D6 genotypes reflect oxycodone requirements for cancer patients treated for cancer pain? A cross-sectional multicentre study.
Opioids are recommended by the World Health Organization for moderate to severe cancer pain. Oxycodone is one of the most commonly used opioids and is metabolized in the liver by CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 enzymes. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the relationship between oxycodone pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and the CYP2D6 genotypes "poor metaboliser" (PM), "extensive metaboliser" (EM) and "ultra-rapid metaboliser" (URM) in a cohort of patients with cancer pain. ⋯ CYP2D6 genotypes caused expected differences in pharmacokinetics, but they had no pharmacodynamic consequence. CYP2D6 genotypes did not influence pain control, the adverse symptoms nausea and sedation or the risk for cognitive failure in this study of patients treated with oxycodone for cancer pain.
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Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. · Jan 2012
Comparative StudyDifferences in the consumption rates and regulatory barriers to the accessibility of strong opioid analgesics in Israel and St. Petersburg.
To compare trends in opioid consumption in Israel and St. Petersburg/Russia (morphine, oxycodone, pethidine, fentanyl, methadone, buprenorphine, trimeperidine, and papaveretum) over the period 2000-2008, and to describe the regulatory barriers to their accessibility as an exploratory variable for between-country differences. ⋯ The results suggest that strong opioid analgesics consumption rates in St. Petersburg yield those in Israel, and that the between-countries differences in opioid formularies availability and legal and regulatory barriers to opioids accessibility are responsible for the consumption discrepancies.