American family physician
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American family physician · Feb 2022
ReviewMaturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young: Rapid Evidence Review.
Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is a non-insulin-dependent form of diabetes mellitus that is usually diagnosed in young adulthood. MODY is most often an autosomal dominant disease and is divided into subtypes (MODY1 to MODY14) based on the causative genetic mutation. Subtypes 1 to 3 account for 95% of cases. ⋯ Sulfonylureas are the preferred pharmacologic therapy based on pathophysiologic reasoning, although clinical trials are lacking. Patients with MODY2 have mild stable fasting hyperglycemia with low risk of diabetes-related complications and generally do not require treatment, except in pregnancy. Pregnant patients with MODY may require insulin therapy and additional fetal monitoring for macrosomia.
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Borderline personality disorder is a psychological disorder characterized by a pervasive pattern of instability in affect regulation, impulse control, interpersonal relationships, and self-image. Borderline personality disorder may be present in up to 6.4% of adult primary care visits, which is fourfold higher than in the general population. Borderline personality disorder is underdiagnosed and most patients who have it also have additional psychiatric conditions. ⋯ No medications have been approved by the U. S. Food and Drug Administration specifically for the treatment of borderline personality disorder.