The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology
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J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. · Dec 2018
Lumen area change (Delta Lumen) between inspiratory and expiratory multidetector computed tomography as a measure of severe outcomes in asthmatic patients.
Quantitative computed tomographic (QCT) biomarkers of airway morphology hold potential for understanding and monitoring regional airway remodeling in asthmatic patients. ⋯ Reduced Delta Lumen value in the central airways measured by using QCT is a promising exploratory biomarker of unstable refractory asthma that warrants further study.
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J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. · Oct 2018
Randomized Controlled TrialNemolizumab in patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: Randomized, phase II, long-term extension study.
Nemolizumab, an anti-IL-31 receptor A mAb, improved pruritus, dermatitis, and sleep in adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis that was inadequately controlled by topical treatments in a phase II, 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study (part A; NCT01986933). ⋯ Nemolizumab for up to 64 weeks was efficacious and overall well tolerated in patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis inadequately controlled by topical therapy.
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J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. · Sep 2018
ReviewGenerating evidence to inform an update of asthma clinical practice guidelines: Perspectives from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.
Asthma is the most prevalent chronic respiratory disease worldwide. Its increasing prevalence and evidence of suboptimal control require renewed efforts in the development and widespread implementation of clinical practice guidelines for prevention, treatment, and control. Given the rapidly changing landscape and evolving best practices for guideline development, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute made a commitment to support rigorous systematic evidence reviews that frontline health care providers and stakeholders could use to create new or update existing guidelines. ⋯ The article explains the process for ensuring that the expert panel's deliberations are conducted in accordance with the Institute of Medicine's standards and recommendations for guideline development. The outcome of this ambitious effort will be an update of the EPR-3 asthma guidelines and publication of the key recommendations in the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. Importantly, several novel approaches will be explored and incorporated as appropriate to accelerate adoption and sustained implementation of the guidelines.
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J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. · Sep 2018
ReviewA decade of research on the 17q12-21 asthma locus: Piecing together the puzzle.
Chromosome 17q12-21 remains the most highly replicated and significant asthma locus. Genotypes in the core region defined by the first genome-wide association study correlate with expression of 2 genes, ORM1-like 3 (ORMDL3) and gasdermin B (GSDMB), making these prime candidate asthma genes, although recent studies have implicated gasdermin A (GSDMA) distal to and post-GPI attachment to proteins 3 (PGAP3) proximal to the core region as independent loci. ⋯ Finally, the inconsistent association between asthma and gene expression levels in blood or lung cells from older children and adults suggests that genotype effects may mediate asthma risk or protection during critical developmental windows and/or in response to relevant exposures in early life. Thus studies of young children and ethnically diverse populations are required to fully understand the relationship between genotype and asthma phenotype and the gene regulatory architecture at this locus.
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J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. · Sep 2018
Accidental food allergy reactions: Products and undeclared ingredients.
Accidental allergic reactions to food are frequent and can be severe and even fatal. ⋯ A wide range of food products are causing accidental reactions in patients with food allergy. Eight different allergens not declared on the ingredient lists were detected in the culprit food products, all of which were representative of allergens regulated in the European Union.