The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology
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J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. · May 2018
Randomized Controlled TrialEnhanced plasmacytoid dendritic cell antiviral responses after omalizumab.
Atopy and viral respiratory tract infections synergistically promote asthma exacerbations. IgE cross-linking inhibits critical virus-induced IFN-α responses of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), which can be deficient in patients with allergic asthma. ⋯ These findings indicate that omalizumab treatment augments pDC IFN-α responses and attenuates pDC FcεRIα protein expression and provide evidence that these effects are related. These results support a potential mechanism underlying clinical observations that allergic sensitization is associated with increased susceptibility to virus-induced asthma exacerbations.
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J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. · May 2018
Prenatal fine particulate exposure and early childhood asthma: Effect of maternal stress and fetal sex.
The impact of prenatal ambient air pollution on child asthma may be modified by maternal stress, child sex, and exposure dose and timing. ⋯ Prenatal PM2.5 exposure during sensitive windows is associated with increased risk of child asthma, especially in boys concurrently exposed to elevated maternal stress.
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J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. · May 2018
Leveraging Siglec-8 endocytic mechanisms to kill human eosinophils and malignant mast cells.
Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin (Siglec)-8 is a cell-surface protein expressed selectively on human eosinophils, mast cells, and basophils, making it an ideal target for the treatment of diseases involving these cell types. However, the effective delivery of therapeutic agents to these cells requires an understanding of the dynamics of Siglec-8 surface expression. ⋯ Therapeutic payloads can be targeted selectively to eosinophils and malignant mast cells by exploiting this Siglec-8 endocytic pathway.
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J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. · Apr 2018
Observational StudyPathway discovery using transcriptomic profiles in adult-onset severe asthma.
Adult-onset severe asthma is characterized by highly symptomatic disease despite high-intensity asthma treatments. Understanding of the underlying pathways of this heterogeneous disease is needed for the development of targeted treatments. Gene set variation analysis is a statistical technique used to identify gene profiles in heterogeneous samples. ⋯ Adult-onset severe asthma is characterized by inflammatory pathways involving eosinophils, mast cells, and group 3 innate lymphoid cells. These pathways could represent useful targets for the treatment of adult-onset severe asthma.