The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology
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J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. · Oct 2020
IL-6-based mortality risk model for hospitalized patients with COVID-19.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly become a global pandemic. Because the severity of the disease is highly variable, predictive models to stratify patients according to their mortality risk are needed. ⋯ This mortality risk model allows early risk stratification of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 before the appearance of obvious signs of clinical deterioration, and it can be used as a tool to guide clinical decision making.
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J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. · Oct 2020
Allergic disorders and susceptibility to and severity of COVID-19: A nationwide cohort study.
There is inconclusive and controversial evidence of the association between allergic diseases and the risk of adverse clinical outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). ⋯ In a Korean nationwide cohort, allergic rhinitis and asthma, especially nonallergic asthma, confers a greater risk of susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe clinical outcomes of COVID-19.
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J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. · Sep 2020
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialUnderstanding the asthmatic response to an experimental rhinovirus infection: Exploring the effects of blocking IgE.
Rhinovirus frequently causes asthma exacerbations among children and young adults who are allergic. The interaction between allergen and rhinovirus-induced symptoms and inflammation over time is unclear. ⋯ LRTSs and blood eosinophil counts were augmented and lung function was reduced among allergic asthmatics early after rhinovirus inoculation but increased late in the infection during symptom resolution. The effect of administering omalizumab on the response to rhinovirus was most pronounced during the early/innate phase of the infection.
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J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. · Sep 2020
ReviewThe role of IL-6 and other mediators in the cytokine storm associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 presents with a spectrum of clinical manifestations from asymptomatic or mild, self-limited constitutional symptoms to a hyperinflammatory state ("cytokine storm") followed by acute respiratory distress syndrome and death. The objective of this study was to provide an evidence-based review of the associated pathways and potential treatment of the hyperinflammatory state associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. ⋯ Recognition of at-risk patients could permit early institution of aggressive intensive care and antiviral and immune treatment to reduce the complications related to this proinflammatory state. Several reports and ongoing clinical trials provide hope that available immunomodulatory therapies could have therapeutic potential in these severe cases. This review highlights our current state of knowledge of immune mechanisms and targeted immunomodulatory treatment options for the current coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.