Anesthesiology
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Cesarean delivery: a randomized trial of epidural versus patient-controlled meperidine analgesia during labor.
Reports indicate that the administration of epidural analgesia for pain relief during labor interferes with labor and increases cesarean deliveries. However, only a few controlled trials have assessed the effect of epidural analgesia on the incidence of cesarean delivery. The authors' primary purpose in this randomized study was to evaluate the effects of epidural analgesia on the rate of cesarean deliveries by providing a suitable alternative: patient-controlled intravenous analgesia. ⋯ Epidural analgesia was not associated with increased numbers of cesarean delivery when compared with a suitable alternative method of analgesia.
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Comparative Study
Prevention of methacholine-induced changes in respiratory mechanics in piglets: a comparison of sevoflurane and halothane.
Sevoflurane is a new volatile anesthetic agent that may be a useful alternative to halothane for anesthesia in children. However, there is insufficient information about its effects on respiratory mechanics, particularly in the presence of constrictor stimuli. ⋯ Sevoflurane and halothane can prevent methacholine-induced changes in lung function.
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Comparative Study
Effects of desflurane in rat myocardium: comparison with isoflurane and halothane.
The cardiovascular effects of desflurane have been investigated in several in vivo animal and human studies. To determine the possible contributions of myocardial depression, the effects of desflurane on various contractile parameters in isolated cardiac papillary muscles were compared with those of isoflurane and halothane. ⋯ When compared with isoflurane, desflurane induced a moderate positive inotropic effect related to intramyocardial catecholamine release. After adrenoceptor blockade, desflurane induced a negative inotropic effect comparable with that induced by isoflurane.