Anesthesiology
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Capsaicin, the pungent ingredient in chili peppers, is a vanilloid with noxious and analgesic effects that inhibits tetrodotoxin-resistant sodium currents. Because tetrodotoxin-resistant currents are found primarily in small-diameter nociceptor afferents of the peripheral nerves, their inhibition may lead to selective analgesia. Therefore, the authors evaluated the interactions between tetrodotoxin, a site 1 sodium channel blocker, and capsaicin on nerve blockade in vivo. ⋯ Site 1 sodium channel blockers and vanilloids have synergistic effects on nerve blockade in vivo. These interactions may be useful in developing prolonged local anesthetics and elucidating mechanisms of functionally selective nerve blockade.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Pulmonary airway resistance with the endotracheal tube versus laryngeal mask airway in paralyzed anesthetized adult patients.
The hypothesis that airway resistance is less with the laryngeal mask airway than with the endotracheal tube was tested. ⋯ The laryngeal mask airway triggers less bronchoconstriction than does the endotracheal tube in paralyzed anesthetized adult patients. This may have implications for maintaining intraoperative pulmonary function and reducing the risk for atelectasis and pulmonary infection.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Molar potency is predictive of the speed of onset of neuromuscular block for agents of intermediate, short, and ultrashort duration.
The times to peak effect of rocuronium, vecuronium, cisatracurium, mivacurium, and succinylcholine were evaluated to confirm that the correlation between potency and onset time observed for long-acting relaxants also held for drugs of intermediate and short duration. ⋯ The inverse correlation between the molar potency and speed of onset previously described for agents of long duration also applies to nondepolarizing agents of intermediate and short duration. The onset time of succinylcholine also appears to be compatible with this relation.