Anesthesiology
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Comparative Study
Amitriptyline versus bupivacaine in rat sciatic nerve blockade.
Amitriptyline, a tricyclic antidepressant, is frequently used orally for the management of chronic pain. To date there is no report of amitriptyline producing peripheral nerve blockade. The authors therefore investigated the local anesthetic properties of amitriptyline in rats and in vitro. ⋯ Amitriptyline is a more potent blocker of neuronal Na+ channels than bupivacaine in vivo and in vitro. These findings suggest that amitriptyline could extend its clinical usefulness for peripheral nerve blockade.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Intrathecal ropivacaine and clonidine for ambulatory knee arthroscopy: a dose-response study.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of a small dose of intrathecal ropivacaine with small doses of intrathecal clonidine for ambulatory surgery. ⋯ Small-dose intrathecal clonidine (15 microg) plus 8 mg intrathecal ropivacaine produces adequate and short-lasting anesthesia for knee arthroscopy.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of xenon with sevoflurane in humans.
Although more than 30 yr ago the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of xenon was determined to be 71%, that previous study had technological limitations, and no other studies have confirmed the MAC value of xenon since. The current study was designed to confirm the MAC value of xenon in adult surgical patients using more modern techniques. ⋯ The authors could not determine whether interaction in blocking somatic responses in 50% of patients is additive. The MAC of xenon is in the range of the values that were predicted in a previous study.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Preemptive analgesic effects of ketorolac in ankle fracture surgery.
Preemptive analgesia has been difficult to show in human experiments. If ketorolac has preemptive effects, then there may be an advantage to administering it at the beginning of surgery despite the potential for increased blood loss. ⋯ Intravenous 30 mg ketorolac appears to have preemptive analgesic effects in patients undergoing ankle fracture repair. Ketorolac administered before tourniquet inflation prevents postoperative pain being perceived as more intense than preoperative pain.