Anesthesiology
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Comparative Study
Xenon pretreatment attenuates anesthetic-induced apoptosis in the developing brain in comparison with nitrous oxide and hypoxia.
Administration of certain general anesthetics to rodents during the synaptogenic phase of neurodevelopment produces neuronal injury. Preconditioning (pretreatment) can reduce tissue injury caused by a severe insult; the authors investigated whether pretreatment strategies can protect the developing brain from anesthetic-induced neurotoxicity. ⋯ Although xenon pretreatment protects against nitrous oxide- and isoflurane-induced neuroapoptosis, hypoxic pretreatment exacerbates anesthetic-induced neonatal neurodegeneration.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Perioperative hypothermia (33 degrees C) does not increase the occurrence of cardiovascular events in patients undergoing cerebral aneurysm surgery: findings from the Intraoperative Hypothermia for Aneurysm Surgery Trial.
Perioperative hypothermia has been reported to increase the occurrence of cardiovascular complications. By increasing the activity of sympathetic nervous system, perioperative hypothermia also has the potential to increase cardiac injury and dysfunction associated with subarachnoid hemorrhage. ⋯ In patients undergoing cerebral aneurysm surgery, perioperative hypothermia was not associated with an increased occurrence of cardiovascular events.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Determination and comparison of graded dose-response curves for epidural bupivacaine and ropivacaine for analgesia in laboring nulliparous women.
The potencies of bupivacaine and ropivacaine have been compared using up-and-down methodology, but their complete dose-response curves have not been compared. The authors performed a random allocation-graded dose-response study of epidural bupivacaine and ropivacaine given epidurally for labor analgesia. ⋯ Ropivacaine is less potent than bupivacaine, but otherwise they have similar dose-response characteristics. The difference in potency is not statistically significant at ED90 doses.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Analgesic and antihyperalgesic properties of propofol in a human pain model.
Propofol (Disoprivan, AstraZeneca AG, Zug, Switzerland) has long been considered to be nonanalgesic. However, accumulating evidence shows that propofol possesses modulatory action on pain processing and perception. In this study, the authors investigated the modulatory effects of propofol and a formulation similar to the solvent of propofol (10% Intralipid; Fresenius Kabi, Stans, Switzerland) on pain perception and central sensitization in healthy volunteers. ⋯ Propofol showed short-lasting analgesic properties during its administration, whereas the solvent-like formulation 10% Intralipid had no effect on pain perception.