Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry
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S100B is a calcium-binding protein released into the blood from astroglial cells due to brain injury. Some authors have described a correlation between S100B serum concentration and severity of brain damage. There is not much information about the accuracy of urinary S100B for predicting outcome after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). 55 patients with severe TBI were included in the study. ⋯ ROC-analysis showed that S100B at 24h post-severe TBI is a useful tool for predicting mortality (serum: AUC 0.958, urine: AUC 0.778). The best cut-offs for S100B were 0.461 μg/L and 0.025 μg/L (serum and urine respectively), with a sensitivity of 90% for both measurements and a specificity of 88.4% (serum) and 62.8% (urine). We can state that the determination of S100B levels both in urine and serum acts as a sensitive and an effective biomarker for the early prediction of mortality after severe TBI.
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Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a common chronic widespread pain syndrome mainly affecting women. Genetic risk factors are known to contribute to the etiology of the syndrome. Clinical features show that FMS and familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) have some overlapping symptoms. Mediterranean fever (MEFV) gene has already been identified as being responsible for FMF. The aim of this study was to explore the frequency and clinical significance of missense mutations and a common polymorphism of MEFV gene in a cohort of Turkish patients with FMS. ⋯ The results of this study suggest that MEFV gene mutations and polymorphism are positively associated with predisposition to develop FMS. Further studies with larger populations will be required to confirm these findings.
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Statins reportedly have anti-inflammatory effects aside from their cholesterol-lowering effect. We investigated the effects of statins on serum hs-CRP level and clinical outcome of acute ischemic stroke (IS) patients. ⋯ Statin therapy reduces serum hs-CRP level and may be associated with favorable 3-month outcome in patients after acute IS.
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Breath analysis provides a convenient and simple alternative to traditional specimen testing in clinical laboratory diagnosis. As such, substantial research has been devoted to the analysis and identification of breath biomarkers. ⋯ This review describes the use of breath biomarkers in diagnosis of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cystic fibrosis (CF), lung cancer, as well as other pulmonary diseases. A number of breath biomarkers in lung pathophysiology will be described including nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and other hydrocarbons.
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High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a marker of inflammation, has been associated with poor outcome of critical illness. The present study was undertaken to investigate the plasma HMGB1 concentrations in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and to analyze the correlation of HMGB1 with TBI outcome. ⋯ Plasma HMGB1 concentration emerges as a novel biomarker for predicting 1-y clinical outcomes of TBI.