Anesthesia and analgesia
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Nov 2002
Case ReportsVallecular cyst and laryngomalacia in infants: report of six cases and airway management.
This report describes difficulties encountered in the airway management of six infants with concurrent vallecular cyst and laryngomalacia. It is hoped that our experience will assist others in the management of such patients.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Nov 2002
Comparative StudyThe analgesic effect of xenon on the formalin test in rats: a comparison with nitrous oxide.
To investigate the analgesic effects of xenon, we performed formalin tests in rats under 0.5 minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration xenon or nitrous oxide and stained the lumbar spinal cord for c-fos (n = 18) and the phosphorylated N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor (n = 24) by using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase method. After 20 min of 79% xenon, 68% nitrous oxide, or 100% inhaled oxygen, 10% formalin (100 microL) was injected into the left rear paw of the animals except for a control group. Nociceptive behavior was observed for 1 h. The rats were killed 2 h after the formalin injection, and the lumbar spinal cord was stained for c-fos or the phosphorylated NMDA receptor immunohistochemically. Animals in the xenon and nitrous oxide groups showed less nociceptive behavior than did the oxygen group. Although the number of c-fos-positive cells in the lumbar spinal cord in the nitrous oxide group was not decreased, that in the xenon group decreased. The number of phosphorylated NMDA receptor-positive cells in the xenon group was significantly less than in the nitrous oxide and oxygen groups. Inhaled xenon suppressed nociceptive behaviors, c-fos expression, and activation of the NMDA receptor during the formalin test in rats. These results confirm that xenon's analgesic effects result from inhibition of the NMDA receptor. ⋯ Inhaled xenon suppressed nociceptive behaviors, c-fos expression, and activation of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor during the formalin test in rats. Xenon's analgesic effect was speculated to result from the inhibition of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor in vivo.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Nov 2002
Case ReportsArterial catheter pressure cable corrosion leading to artifactual diagnosis of hypotension.
Arterial pressure cable corrosion leads to artifactual hypotension despite a normally appearing waveform.