Anesthesia and analgesia
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2004
Bradykinin antagonists have no analgesic effect on incisional pain.
Bradykinin, an endogenous nonapeptide and an important mediator of inflammation, is also implicated in the initiation and maintenance of pain. Both des-Arg(8), Leu(8)-bradykinin (dALBK) and HOE-140, the prototypic bradykinin B1 and B2 receptor antagonists, respectively, have been shown to reduce pain behaviors and inflammation in animal models of persistent nociception. We studied them for activity against incision-induced pain behaviors in a rat model for postoperative pain. ⋯ None of the doses of either dALBK or HOE-140 affected the responses to punctate or blunt mechanical stimulation or heat, either as a pretreatment or as a posttreatment. These data support the unique mechanisms for incision-induced pain relative to inflammation-related pain. Although inflammation may represent a component of incisional pain, the etiology of inflammation and its role seem different than in other models.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2004
Propofol and midazolam inhibit gastric emptying and gastrointestinal transit in mice.
We studied the effect of propofol and midazolam on gastric emptying and gastrointestinal transit in mice. Ten minutes after intraperitoneal injection of propofol or midazolam, 0.2 mL of saline containing fluorescent microbeads was infused into the stomach. ⋯ Midazolam, but not propofol, delayed gastrointestinal transit (P < 0.001). At a larger dose that produced a deeper level of sedation (absence of righting reflex >10 s), both drugs significantly inhibited gastric emptying (propofol: P < 0.001; 95% CI for difference, 31.4%-61.2%; midazolam: P < 0.001; 95% CI for difference, 30.8%-61.1%) and gastrointestinal transit (P < 0.001 for both drugs).
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2004
Comment Letter Case ReportsPersistent cerebrospinal fluid leak.