Anesthesia and analgesia
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Nov 2007
Comparative StudyMyocardial protection by isoflurane preconditioning preserves Ca2+ cycling proteins independent of sarcolemmal and mitochondrial KATP channels.
Anesthetic preconditioning (APC) with volatile anesthetics improves recovery of contractile function and reduces calcium overload after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Mitochondrial and sarcolemmal K(ATP) channel openings have been implicated in APC-induced cardioprotection. In this study, we investigated the effect of APC on major calcium cycling proteins and its relation to K(ATP) channels. ⋯ I/R-induced depression in cardiac performance is associated with a down-regulation of the major sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-cycling proteins. Anesthesia preconditioning with isoflurane prevents I/R-related degradation of the RyR2 and SERCA2a in the sarcoplasmic reticulum. However, this effect was independent of its activation of K(ATP) channels.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Nov 2007
Comparative StudyThe comparability of bispectral index and state entropy index during maintenance of sufentanil-sevoflurane-nitrous oxide anesthesia.
Manufacturers recommend maintaining Bispectral (BIS) or Spectral Entropy (State Entropy, SE) indexes between 40 and 60 during the maintenance of anesthesia. We compared these indexes during this period. ⋯ Although limits of agreement between BIS and SE were large, Kappa value moderate, and crude agreement <0.80 in more than half of the patients, making completely contradictory decisions (e.g., deepening the anesthetic based on one parameter and lightening it based upon the other) would have been exceptional. More common would have been a risk of error between no change versus increasing or decreasing anesthetic depth.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Nov 2007
Comparative StudyLeadership of United States academic anesthesiology programs 2006: chairperson characteristics and accomplishments.
We conducted an Internet-based survey of all current academic anesthesiology chairpersons to benchmark their characteristics and accomplishments, as well as to gain insights that might be useful to aspirant department chairs. ⋯ The survey suggests that anesthesiology chairs value peer-reviewed research, scholarship, and academic achievement, but do not believe that significant research experience is of great benefit to functioning as a chair.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Nov 2007
Comparative StudyThe effectiveness of preformed tooth protectors during endotracheal intubation: an upper jaw model.
In anesthetic practice, tooth damage may impair patient safety and is a common reason for litigation. The use of dental shields may reduce this complication. In this study, we examined the effectiveness of dental shields for altering the force on the teeth during endotracheal intubation. ⋯ Preformed dental shields are useful to reduce the force applied to the teeth and potentially reduce the probability of tooth damage during laryngoscopy. However, the shield with the most force reduction capability is rather large and also expensive, making general use impossible. Further prospective studies are needed to evaluate efficacy and safety of tooth protectors.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Nov 2007
Comparative StudyThe involvement of peripheral alpha 2-adrenoceptors in the antihyperalgesic effect of oxcarbazepine in a rat model of inflammatory pain.
We studied whether peripheral alpha2-adrenergic receptors are involved in the antihyperalgesic effects of oxcarbazepine by examining the effects of yohimbine (selective alpha2-adrenoceptor antagonist), BRL 44408 (selective alpha(2A)-adrenoceptor antagonist), MK-912 (selective alpha2C-adrenoceptor antagonist), and clonidine (alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist) on the antihyperalgesic effect of oxcarbazepine in the rat model of inflammatory pain. ⋯ Our results indicate that the peripheral alpha2A and alpha2C adrenoceptors could be involved in the antihyperalgesic effects of oxcarbazepine in a rat model of inflammatory hyperalgesia.