Anesthesia and analgesia
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Aug 2007
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyPredistention of the epidural space before catheter insertion reduces the incidence of intravascular epidural catheter insertion.
Accidental cannulation of an epidural vein is a common complication associated with epidural anesthesia or analgesia. On the basis of a pilot study and previous reports, we tested the hypothesis that predistention of the epidural space with saline before epidural catheterization would ease catheter insertion and decrease the incidence of this complication. ⋯ Distention of the epidural space with 5 mL saline before epidural catheter insertion decreased the incidence of accidental venous cannulation and the number of unblocked segments.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Aug 2007
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudySpinal ropivacaine for lower limb surgery: a dose response study.
The dose-response relationship for spinal ropivacaine in patients undergoing surgery of the lower extremity has not been fully determined. ⋯ The ED(50) and ED(95) for spinal ropivacaine in lower limb surgery of 50 min duration or less were 7.6 and 11.4 mg, respectively. This provides a useful guide for clinicians to choose the optimal dose of spinal ropivacaine under different clinical situations.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Aug 2007
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyEutectic mixture of local anesthetic (EMLA) decreases pain during humeral block placement in nonsedated patients.
We evaluated the potential role of an euctectic mixture of local anesthetic (EMLA) cream application before performing midhumeral block. ⋯ The patients who received EMLA cream had less pain with needle puncture as well as throughout the performance of humeral block.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Aug 2007
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyA comparison of three different concentrations of ropivacaine with fentanyl for patient-controlled epidural analgesia.
The optimal concentration of ropivacaine in combination with fentanyl for patient-controlled epidural analgesia focusing on preservation of bowel function, analgesia, and motor function remains unclear. ⋯ We conclude that ropivacaine 0.05% is sufficient to preserve gastrointestinal motility, and provides excellent postoperative pain relief without motor blockade.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Aug 2007
Comparative StudyAnesthesia-related cardiac arrest in children: update from the Pediatric Perioperative Cardiac Arrest Registry.
The initial findings from the Pediatric Perioperative Cardiac Arrest (POCA) Registry (1994-1997) revealed that medication-related causes, often cardiovascular depression from halothane, were the most common. Changes in pediatric anesthesia practice may have altered the causes of cardiac arrest in anesthetized children. ⋯ A reduction in the proportion of arrests related to cardiovascular depression due to halothane may be related to the declining use of halothane in pediatric anesthetic practice. The incidence of the most common remaining causes of arrest in each category may be reduced through preventive measures.