Anesthesia and analgesia
-
Anesthesia and analgesia · May 2010
ReviewAnesthesia and analgesia protocol during therapeutic hypothermia after cardiac arrest: a systematic review.
Present practice guidelines recommend sedative-analgesic and neuromuscular blocking administration during therapeutic hypothermia in comatose patients after cardiac arrest. However, none suggests the best administration protocol. In this study, we evaluated intensivists' preferences regarding administration. ⋯ There is great variability in the protocols used for anesthesia and analgesia during therapeutic hypothermia. Very often, the drug and the dose used do not seem the most appropriate. Only 3 ICUs routinely used electroencephalographic monitoring during paralysis. It is necessary to reach a consensus on how to treat this critical care population.
-
Anesthesia and analgesia · May 2010
ReviewRapid sequence induction and intubation: current controversy.
The changing opinion regarding some of the traditional components of rapid sequence induction and intubation (RSII) creates wide practice variations that impede attempts to establish a standard RSII protocol. There is controversy regarding the choice of induction drug, the dose, and the method of administration. Whereas some prefer the traditional rapid injection of a predetermined dose, others use the titration to loss of consciousness technique. ⋯ Cricoid pressure remains the most heated controversy; some believe in its effectiveness in preventing pulmonary aspiration, whereas others believe it should be abandoned because of the lack of scientific evidence of benefit and possible complications. There is still controversy regarding the best position and whether the head-up, head-down, or supine position is the safest during induction of anesthesia in full-stomach patients. These controversial components need to be discussed, studied, and resolved before establishing a standard RSII protocol.
-
Anesthesia and analgesia · May 2010
The epidemiology of postpartum hemorrhage in a large, nationwide sample of deliveries.
In this study, we sought to (1) define trends in the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), and (2) elucidate the contemporary epidemiology of PPH focusing on risk factors and maternal outcomes related to this delivery complication. ⋯ PPH is a relatively common complication of delivery and is associated with substantial maternal morbidity and mortality. It is increasing in frequency in the United States. PPH caused by uterine atony resulting in transfusion often occurs in the absence of recognized risk factors.
-
Anesthesia and analgesia · May 2010
Clinical TrialAn evaluation of diaphragmatic movement by M-mode sonography as a predictor of pulmonary dysfunction after upper abdominal surgery.
Diaphragmatic dysfunction is a major factor in the etiology of postoperative pulmonary complications after upper abdominal surgery. M-mode ultrasonography is now an accepted qualitative method of assessing diaphragmatic motion in normal and pathological conditions. In this study, we evaluated whether diaphragmatic inspiratory amplitude (DIA) as measured by M-mode sonography can be a predictor of pulmonary dysfunction. ⋯ DIA using M-mode sonography showed a linear correlation with VC measured by spirometry throughout the postoperative period. We conclude that using the M-mode sonographic technique at the bedside can be a practical way to investigate postoperative diaphragmatic dysfunction, and may also be an effective bedside screening method for diaphragmatic paralysis.
-
Anesthesia and analgesia · May 2010
Incidence of intradiscal injection during lumbar fluoroscopically guided transforaminal and interlaminar epidural steroid injections.
Intradiscal injections during transforaminal epidural steroid injections and interlaminar lumbar epidural steroid injections have been reported rarely. In that regard, this retrospective observational report is the first attempt to quantify the overall rate of this complication. ⋯ There were 6 intradiscal (annular) injections of contrast, for a rate of 1:402. Over the same interval, 4723 lumbar epidural steroid injections were performed, with 1 intradiscal injection, for a rate of 1:4723.