Anesthesia and analgesia
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Local anesthetic infiltration along the incision may be used to provide surgical anesthesia or postoperative analgesia. However, the effect of local anesthetics on wound healing remains controversial. In this investigation, we evaluated the effects of levobupivacaine on wound healing. ⋯ While levobupivacaine had a positive effect on wound healing during the early period, negative effects were observed thereafter. Additional studies at the molecular level are necessary to determine the cause of these apparently opposite effects.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Feb 2013
Reactive oxygen species by isoflurane mediates inhibition of nuclear factor κB activation in lipopolysaccharide-induced acute inflammation of the lung.
Although anesthetic-induced inhibition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lung injury has been recognized, the underlying mechanism is obscure. Some studies suggest that reactive oxygen species (ROS) by isoflurane play a crucial role for anesthetic-induced protective effects on the brain or the heart; however, it still remains controversial. In this study, we examined the role of isoflurane-derived ROS in isoflurane-induced inhibition of lung injury and nuclear factor κB (NFκB) activation in LPS-challenged rat lungs. ⋯ This study suggests a crucial role of upregulated ROS generation by isoflurane for modification of inflammatory pathways by isoflurane preconditioning in acute inflammation of the lung.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Feb 2013
Glycogen synthase kinase-3β contributes to remifentanil-induced postoperative hyperalgesia via regulating N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor trafficking.
Although remifentanil provides perfect analgesia during surgery, postoperative hyperalgesia after remifentanil administration might be a challenge to anesthesiologists. The trafficking and activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors have a pivotal role in the development and maintenance of remifentanil-induced postoperative hyperalgesia. However, the underlying mechanisms of hyperalgesia are poorly elucidated. We designed the present study to examine the hypothesis that glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β could contribute to remifentanil-induced postoperative hyperalgesia via regulating NMDA receptor trafficking in the spinal cord. ⋯ The above results suggest that activation of GSK-3β contributes to remifentanil-induced postoperative hyperalgesia via regulating NMDA receptor subunits (NR1 and NR2B) trafficking in the spinal cord. Inhibition of GSK-3β may be an effective novel option for the treatment of remifentanil-induced postoperative hyperalgesia.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Feb 2013
Physical exercise induces excess hsp72 expression and delays the development of hyperalgesia and allodynia in painful diabetic neuropathy rats.
The underlying mechanism of exercise on the development of diabetes-associated neuropathic pain is not well understood. We investigated in rats whether exercise regulates the functional recovery and heat shock protein 72 (Hsp72), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin (IL)-6 expression in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes. ⋯ These results suggest that progressive exercise training markedly decreases diabetes-associated neuropathic pain, including thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia. In rats, this protective effect is related to the increase of Hsp72, but not TNF-α and IL-6, expression in the spinal cord and peripheral nerves of STZ-induced diabetes.