Anesthesia and analgesia
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Jun 2013
Multicenter StudyThe risk and outcomes of epidural hematomas after perioperative and obstetric epidural catheterization: a report from the Multicenter Perioperative Outcomes Group Research Consortium.
In this study, we sought to determine the frequency and outcomes of epidural hematomas after epidural catheterization. ⋯ In this series, the 95% CI for the frequency of epidural hematoma requiring laminectomy after epidural catheter placement for perioperative anesthesia/analgesia was 1 event per 22,189 placements to 1 event per 4330 placements. Risk was significantly lower in obstetric epidurals.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Jun 2013
Randomized Controlled TrialThe effectiveness of a near-infrared vascular imaging device to support intravenous cannulation in children with dark skin color: a cluster randomized clinical trial.
Poor vein visibility can make IV cannulation challenging in children with dark skin color. In the operating room, we studied the effectiveness of a near-infrared vascular imaging device (VascuLuminator) to facilitate IV cannulation in children with dark skin color. ⋯ The VascuLuminator has limited value in improving success at first attempt of facilitating IV cannulation in children with dark skin color.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Jun 2013
Intraocular pressure in pediatric patients during prone surgery.
Intraoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) in the prone position and IOP changes over time have not been evaluated in pediatric surgical patients. We sought to determine time-dependent changes in IOP in children undergoing surgery in prone position. ⋯ Changing position from supine to prone significantly increases IOP in anesthetized pediatric patients. Moreover, the IOP continued to increase during surgery and reached potentially harmful values, especially when combined with low mean arterial blood pressures that are common during major surgery.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Jun 2013
Randomized Controlled TrialBrief report: perioperative analgesic efficacy and plasma concentrations of S+ -ketamine in continuous epidural infusion during thoracic surgery.
In our study, we evaluated the analgesic effect and plasma level time course of subanesthetic doses of intraoperative S(+)-ketamine administered by continuous epidural infusion for postthoracotomic pain. ⋯ Our data show that epidural infusion of subanesthetic doses of S(+)-ketamine during thoracic surgery provides better postoperative analgesia than epidural ropivacaine.
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Surveys suggest that, consistent with a high smoking prevalence, Chinese smokers in the general population report little interest in quitting. In other cultures, surgery is a powerful teachable moment for smoking cessation, increasing the rate of spontaneous quitting. We determined the perioperative tobacco use behavior of Chinese patients scheduled for elective surgery who smoke cigarettes and factors associated with both preoperative intent to abstain and self-reported smoking behavior at 30 days postoperatively. Specifically, we tested the hypothesis that perception of the health risks of smoking would be independently associated with both preoperative intent to abstain and self-reported abstinence at 30 days postoperatively. ⋯ Both intent to quit and self-efficacy for maintaining abstinence appear to be much higher in Chinese surgical patients than in prior surveys of the general Chinese population, and the majority of surgical patients maintained abstinence for at least 30 days. These findings suggest that surgery can serve as a powerful teachable moment for smoking cessation in China.