Anesthesia and analgesia
-
Anesthesia and analgesia · Feb 2014
Functional Characterization of 2 Known Ryanodine Receptor Mutations Causing Malignant Hyperthermia.
Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a potentially lethal pharmacogenetic disorder. More than 300 variants in the ryanodine receptor 1 (RYR1) have been associated with MH; however, only 31 have been identified as causative. To confirm a mutation in RYR1 as being causative for MH, segregation of the potential mutation in at least 2 unrelated families with MH susceptibility must be demonstrated and functional assays must show abnormal calcium release compared with wild-type RYR1. ⋯ We propose that R2355W is confirmed as being an MH-causative mutation and suggest that V2354M is a RYR1 mutation likely to cause MH.
-
Anesthesia and analgesia · Feb 2014
Emulsified isoflurane increases convulsive thresholds of lidocaine and produces neural protection after convulsion in rats.
Local anesthetic-induced convulsions remain a concern of anesthesiologists when performing regional anesthesia. Our previous study found that the lidocaine requirement for IV regional anesthesia was reduced with coadministration of emulsified isoflurane. We designed this study to examine whether emulsified isoflurane could increase the convulsive threshold of lidocaine and produce protection after a lidocaine-induced convulsion. ⋯ Emulsified isoflurane increased the convulsive threshold of lidocaine and preserved neurological function in rats experiencing lidocaine-induced convulsions.
-
Anesthesia and analgesia · Feb 2014
Locally injected dexmedetomidine inhibits carrageenin-induced inflammatory responses in the injected region.
Dexmedetomidine, a highly selective agonist of α2-adrenoceptors, is a commonly used sedative; however, a potent anti-inflammatory effect has also been found. In the present study we evaluated the inhibitory effect of locally injected dexmedetomidine on inflammatory responses in the injected region. ⋯ The findings suggest that locally injected dexmedetomidine exhibits an anti-inflammatory effect against local acute inflammatory responses, mediated by α2-adrenoceptors.