Anesthesia and analgesia
-
Anesthesia and analgesia · Nov 2015
Stridor in Neonates After Using the Microcuff® and Uncuffed Tracheal Tubes: A Retrospective Review.
We conducted a retrospective chart review to determine the frequency of stridor and contributing factors after the use of Microcuff® and uncuffed tracheal tubes (TTs) in neonates. ⋯ The use of the Microcuff TT is associated with increased odds of postextubation stridor in neonates compared with the use of uncuffed TT.
-
Anesthesia and analgesia · Nov 2015
The Antinociceptive and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of 3-furan-2-yl-N-p-tolyl-acrylamide, a Positive Allosteric Modulator of α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors in Mice.
Positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) facilitate endogenous neurotransmission and/or enhance the efficacy of agonists without directly acting on the orthosteric binding sites. In this regard, selective α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor type II PAMs display antinociceptive activity in rodent chronic inflammatory and neuropathic pain models. This study investigates whether 3-furan-2-yl-N-p-tolyl-acrylamide (PAM-2), a new putative α7-selective type II PAM, attenuates experimental inflammatory and neuropathic pains in mice. ⋯ These findings suggest that the administration of PAM-2, a new α7-selective type II PAM, reduces the neuropathic and inflammatory pain sensory and affective behaviors in the mouse. Thus, this drug may have therapeutic applications in the treatment and management of chronic pain.
-
Anesthesia and analgesia · Nov 2015
Polydatin Inhibits Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells of a Rat Model of Sepsis-Induced Acute Kidney Injury.
Mitochondrial injury is a major cause of sepsis-induced organ failure. Polydatin (PD), a natural polyphenol, demonstrates protective mitochondrial effects in neurons and arteriolar smooth muscle cells during severe shock. In this study, we investigated the effects of PD on renal tubular epithelial cell (RTEC) mitochondria in a rat model of sepsis-induced acute kidney injury. ⋯ PD protects RTECs against mitochondrial dysfunction and prolongs survival in a rat model of sepsis-induced acute kidney injury. These effects may partially result from reductions in interleukin-6 and oxidative stress.
-
Anesthesia and analgesia · Nov 2015
Propofol Regulates the Surface Expression of GABAA Receptors: Implications in Synaptic Inhibition.
The anesthetic propofol is thought to induce rapid hypnotic sedation by potentiating γ-aminobutyric acid receptor (GABAAR) activity. Little is known about the molecular mechanisms of propofol in modulating inhibitory synaptic transmission. We aimed to investigate the role of propofol in modulating surface expression of GABAARs. ⋯ This study offers new insight on the regulatory mechanism of propofol in inhibiting neuronal excitability.
-
Anesthesia and analgesia · Nov 2015
Neuropeptide VF Enhances Cannabinoid Agonist WIN55,212-2-Induced Antinociception in Mice.
Cannabinoids produce analgesia in several pain models, but the undesirable side effects from high doses of cannabinoid drugs limit their clinic use. Our recent results indicate that cannabinoid-induced antinociception was enhanced by neuropeptide VF (NPVF). Here, we investigate whether low-dose cannabinoid agonists combined with NPVF can produce effective antinociception with limited side effects. ⋯ These data suggest that the cannabinoid agonist combined with NPVF produces effective antinociception-lacking tolerance via both cannabinoid receptor type 1 and neuropeptide FF receptors in the brain.