Anesthesia and analgesia
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2020
Meta Analysis Comparative StudyComparison of Supraglottic Airway Devices With Endotracheal Intubation in Low-Risk Patients for Cesarean Delivery: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
The safety and adverse event rate of supraglottic airway (SGA) devices for cesarean delivery (CD) is poorly characterized. The primary aims of this review were to determine whether the first-pass success was higher and time to insertion for SGA was faster than endotracheal intubation for elective CD. The secondary aim was to determine the airway-related adverse event rate associated with SGA use compared to endotracheal intubation in elective CD under general anesthesia (GA). ⋯ Despite the reasonable insertion success rate and safety profile of SGAs demonstrated in this meta-analysis, the analysis remains underpowered and therefore inconclusive. At present, further studies are required before the use of an SGA as the first-line airway for an elective CD can be recommended.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2020
Meta AnalysisIs Preoperative Quantitative Sensory Testing Related to Persistent Postsurgical Pain? A Systematic Literature Review.
Persistent postsurgical pain (PPSP) is a common complication of surgery that significantly affects quality of life. A better understanding of which patients are likely to develop PPSP would help to identify when perioperative and postoperative pain management may require specific attention. Quantitative sensory testing (QST) of a patient's preoperative pain perception is associated with acute postoperative pain, and acute postoperative pain is a risk factor for PPSP. ⋯ The strength of the association between preoperative QST and PPSP varied from weak to strong. Preoperative QST is variably associated with PPSP. Measurements related to central processing of pain may be most consistently associated with PPSP.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2020
Preoperative Screening for Obstructive Sleep Apnea Using Alternative Scoring Models of the Sleep Tiredness Observed Pressure-Body Mass Index Age Neck Circumference Gender Questionnaire: An External Validation.
The Sleep Tiredness Observed Pressure-Body mass index Age Neck circumference Gender (STOP-Bang) questionnaire is a validated preoperative screening tool for identifying patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Although it has a high sensitivity at scores ≥3, its specificity is moderate, particularly for scores of 3-4. This study aimed to externally validate the STOP-Bang questionnaire and the alternative scoring models that have been proposed to improve its predictive performance. ⋯ The STOP-Bang questionnaire detected moderate-to-severe OSA patients when scores reached 5-8. However, its performance was altered in patients with STOP-Bang scores of 3-4, and alternative scoring models with specific combinations of factors failed to improve the screening of these patients.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2020
Postoperative Critical Events Associated With Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Results From the Society of Anesthesia and Sleep Medicine Obstructive Sleep Apnea Registry.
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients are at increased risk for pulmonary and cardiovascular complications; perioperative mortality risk is unclear. This report analyzes cases submitted to the OSA Death and Near Miss Registry, focusing on factors associated with poor outcomes after an OSA-related event. We hypothesized that more severe outcomes would be associated with OSA severity, less intense monitoring, and higher cumulative opioid doses. ⋯ Death and brain damage were more likely to occur with unwitnessed events, no supplemental oxygen, lack of respiratory monitoring, and coadministration of opioids and sedatives. It is important that efforts be directed at providing more effective monitoring for OSA patients following surgery, and clinicians consider the potentially dangerous effects of opioids and sedatives-especially when combined-when managing OSA patients postoperatively.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2020
Incidence of and Factors Associated With Prolonged and Persistent Postoperative Opioid Use in Children 0-18 Years of Age.
Long-term opioid use has negative health care consequences. Opioid-naïve adults are at risk for prolonged and persistent opioid use after surgery. While these outcomes have been examined in some adolescent and teenage populations, little is known about the risk of prolonged and persistent postoperative opioid use after common surgeries compared to children who do not undergo surgery and factors associated with these issues among pediatric surgical patients of all ages. ⋯ Some patient characteristics and surgeries are positively and negatively associated with prolonged opioid use in opioid-naïve children of all ages, but persistent opioid use is rare. Specific pediatric subpopulations (eg, older patients with a history of mood/personality disorder or chronic pain) may be at markedly higher risk.