Anesthesia and analgesia
-
Anesthesia and analgesia · Sep 2020
Molecular Interaction Between Butorphanol and κ-Opioid Receptor.
The misuse of opioids stems, in part, from inadequate knowledge of molecular interactions between opioids and opioid receptors. It is still unclear why some opioids are far more addictive than others. The κ-opioid receptor (KOR) plays a critical role in modulating pain, addiction, and many other physiological and pathological processes. Butorphanol, an opioid analgesic, is a less addictive opioid with unique pharmacological profiles. In this study, we investigated the interaction between butorphanol and KOR to obtain insights into the safe usage of this medication. ⋯ In conclusion, butorphanol is a partial KOR agonist in the G-protein activation pathway and a potent KOR full agonist in the β-arrestin recruitment pathway. The structure analysis offers insights into the molecular mechanism of KOR interaction and activation by butorphanol.
-
Anesthesia and analgesia · Sep 2020
Comparative StudyDiabetic Rat Hearts Show More Favorable Metabolic Adaptation to Omegaven Containing High Amounts of n3 Fatty Acids Than Intralipid Containing n6 Fatty Acids.
While Omegaven, an omega-3 (n3) fatty acid-based lipid emulsion, fosters insulin signaling in healthy hearts, it is unknown whether beneficial metabolic effects occur in insulin-resistant diabetic hearts. ⋯ Omegaven is the preferred lipid emulsion for insulin-resistant diabetic hearts.