The Annals of thoracic surgery
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Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial
Cerebral protection by lidocaine during cardiac operations.
Lidocaine improves outcome in animal brain injury models. Cardiac operations often cause postoperative neuropsychological (NP) impairment. We investigated cerebral protection by lidocaine in cardiac surgical patients. ⋯ These data show that cerebral protection by lidocaine, which is unrelated to any effect on depression or anxiety, and is at a level that is noticed by the patients.
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Diabetes mellitus is an established independent risk factor for significant morbidity and mortality after coronary artery bypass grafting. ⋯ Diabetics have a worse hospital and longterm outcome after coronary artery bypass grafting. The increased risk in such patients can only partially be explained by other demographic characteristics.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Inflammatory response to cardiopulmonary bypass using roller or centrifugal pumps.
The inflammatory response in 29 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting using either roller or centrifugal (CFP) pumps was evaluated in a prospective study. ⋯ During the operation, CFP caused greater complement and neutrophil activation. After the operation, the inflammatory response was similar using either roller pump or CFP.
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Comparative Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial
Retrograde cerebral perfusion versus selective cerebral perfusion as evaluated by cerebral oxygen saturation during aortic arch reconstruction.
Time limits for neuroprotection by retrograde cerebral perfusion (RCP) and selective cerebral perfusion (SCP) in aortic arch aneurysm repair or dissection are undergoing definition. ⋯ Although SCP showed no clinically important time limitation, rSO2 continued to decrease with time during RCP. An rSO2 ratio less than 0.7 could represent a critical lower limit.
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Comparative Study
Effect of gender on postoperative outcomes and hospital stays after coronary artery bypass grafting.
Compared to men, women undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting appear to have a higher morbidity and mortality, particularly in the perioperative period. This study was designed to answer the questions of whether such differences in clinical outcomes between men and women still exist with improvements in surgical techniques and determine whether it is gender or associated comorbid conditions in women that lead to higher morbidity. ⋯ After accounting for differences in their risk variables, the incidences of death, perioperative myocardial infarction and cerebrovascular accident/ transient ischemic attack after coronary artery bypass grafting in women and men were not statistically significant. Perioperative complications are related to comorbid risk factors but not to female gender itself. Further studies are warranted.