The Annals of thoracic surgery
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We report a case of chronic empyema and bronchopleural fistula after lobectomy for tuberculosis. The patient had undergone four different surgical procedures to correct his bronchopleural fistula during an interval of seven years. Finally, he had a successful closure of the fistula using the transsternal transpericardial approach.
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Ventricular Assist Device (VAD) is an accepted treatment as a bridge to cardiac transplantation, and may be of help in patients as destination therapy for end-stage cardiac failure. The low output state associated with end-stage cardiac failure predisposes patients to renal dysfunction and the need for short-term renal support. The use of cardiopulmonary bypass for VAD insertion, VAD, and hemofiltration expose the blood to mechanical trauma and activated inflammatory cascades that can result in hemolysis. This produces free hemoglobin, a known nephrotoxin; this is a further renal insult. This study assesses the effect of VAD alone and in combination with continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVHF) on hemolysis. ⋯ Thoratec VAD was associated with a mild degree of hemolysis. This was worsened by concomitant use of CVVHF. The effect was accentuated if the same CVVHF circuit was used for over 48 hours but was reversible within 24 hours of stopping the hemofilter.
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Comparative Study
Coronary artery bypass grafting with left internal mammary artery and right gastroepiploic artery, with and without bypass.
Total arterial and off-pump revascularization are increasingly used in coronary artery bypass grafting. This study describes our experience with the exclusive use of both left internal thoracic artery and gastroepiploic artery by means of a median sternotomy, with and without cardiopulmonary bypass, in a subgroup of patients with two-vessel disease. ⋯ These results suggest that off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting using the left internal thoracic artery and gastroepiploic artery is safe even in high-risk patients. This approach allows an absolute no-touch technique of the aorta.