The Annals of thoracic surgery
-
Toll-like receptor-4 has been implicated in modulating ischemia-reperfusion injury in cardiac, hepatic, renal, and cerebral models. However, its role in lung ischemia-reperfusion injury is unknown. We hypothesize that toll-like receptor-4 has a key role in initiating the inflammatory cascade in lung ischemia-reperfusion injury. ⋯ Toll-like receptor-4 is critical in the development of lung ischemia-reperfusion injury and its activation in the alveolar macrophage may be the initiating step.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Autologous platelet-rich plasma reduces transfusions during ascending aortic arch repair: a prospective, randomized, controlled trial.
Blood conservation using autologous platelet-rich plasma (aPRP), a technique of whole blood harvest that separates red blood cells from plasma and platelets before cardiopulmonary bypass with retransfusion of the preserved platelets after completion of cardiopulmonary bypass, has not been studied extensively. We sought to prospectively determine whether aPRP reduces blood transfusions during ascending and transverse aortic arch repair. ⋯ The use of aPRP reduced allogeneic transfusions during ascending and transverse aortic arch repair with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest. This translated to less acute renal failure, decreased length of stay, and lower transfusion costs. Further studies examining the coagulation factors of aPRP are required.
-
Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Improved long-term survival for diabetic patients with surgical versus interventional revascularization.
Diabetes is increasing at an alarming rate, affecting nearly 8% of the population. Previous studies have demonstrated a potential benefit for surgical over interventional revascularization in diabetics. However, randomized clinical trials comparing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) many not accurately reflect current clinical practice. We therefore undertook a prospective registry of coronary revascularization (CR) in diabetic patients with CABG, on-pump and off-pump, and PCI with bare-metal and drug-eluting stents to determine long-term clinical outcomes. ⋯ In the current era of on-pump and off-pump CABG surgery and bare-metal and drug-eluting stents, this registry which unselectively records all non-ST elevation myocardial infarction patients undergoing coronary revascularization, diabetic patients benefit from improved long-term survival and reduced MACE with CABG versus PCI. These findings corroborate recent evidence from prospective randomized trials and thus provide clinically relevant validation of their broad applicability to diabetics with extensive coronary artery disease in need of revascularization.