The Annals of thoracic surgery
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Comparative Study
Tricuspid reoperation after left-sided rheumatic valve operations.
The management of late tricuspid regurgitation after left-sided valve operations in rheumatic patients remains controversial. The aim of this study was to analyze clinical and echocardiographic outcomes of tricuspid valve procedures after left-sided valve operations in rheumatic patients. ⋯ Tricuspid valve procedures after left-sided valve operations in rheumatic patients can be performed at low risk with good clinical outcomes. For improved clinical outcomes, early surgical intervention should be considered before the development of anemia and left ventricular dysfunction. A lower aortic transprosthetic mean pressure gradient may help prevent late progression of tricuspid regurgitation in a clinical setting.
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Comparative Study
Favorable outcomes for multidrug and extensively drug resistant tuberculosis patients undergoing surgery.
New approaches are needed in the treatment of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (M/XDR-PTB). We evaluated the role of adjunctive surgical therapy in the treatment of M/XDR-PTB in the setting of directly observed treatment strategy (DOTS)-Plus implementation. ⋯ Patients with M/XDR-PTB undergoing adjunctive thoracic surgery had high rates of favorable outcomes, no surgical-related mortality, and low rates of complications. Adjunctive surgery appears to play an important role in the treatment of select patients with M/XDR-PTB.
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Comparative Study
Outcomes before and after implementation of a pediatric rapid-response extracorporeal membrane oxygenation program.
Rapid-response extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (RR-ECMO) has been implemented at select centers to expedite cannulation for patients placed on ECMO during extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR). In 2008, we established such a program and used it for all pediatric venoarterial ECMO initiations. This study was designed to compare outcomes before and after program implementation. ⋯ Implementation of a pediatric RR-ECMO program for venoarterial ECMO initiation was associated with reduced neurologic complications but not improved survival during the first 3 years of program implementation. These data suggest that development of a coordinated system for rapid ECMO deployment may benefit both ECPR and non-ECPR patients, but further efforts are required to improve survival.
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Comparative Study
The Joint Council on Thoracic Surgery Education coronary artery assessment tool has high interrater reliability.
Barriers to incorporation of simulation in cardiothoracic surgery training include lack of standardized, validated objective assessment tools. Our aim was to measure interrater reliability and internal consistency reliability of a coronary anastomosis assessment tool created by the Joint Council on Thoracic Surgery Education. ⋯ Even without instruction on the assessment tool, experienced surgeons achieved high interrater reliability. Future resident training and evaluation may benefit from utilization of this tool for formative feedback in the simulated and operative environments. However, summative assessment in the operative setting will require further standardization and anchoring.
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Comparative Study
Results with selective preoperative lumbar drain placement for thoracic endovascular aortic repair.
The optimal use of lumbar cerebrospinal fluid drainage for the prevention of spinal cord ischemia (SCI) with thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) remains unclear. Here, we report our experience with selective preoperative lumbar drain placement with TEVAR. ⋯ Restricted use of preoperative lumbar drains for patients at high-risk of SCI undergoing TEVAR appears safe and leads to low rates of SCI in nondrained patients. However, the utility of preoperative lumbar drains in preventing SCI with TEVAR remains questionable and should be weighed against the risk of drain complications.