Atherosclerosis
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There is strong evidence that fat accumulating in non-adipose sites, "ectopic fat", is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD), including vascular calcification. Most previous studies of this association have assessed only a single ectopic fat depot. Therefore, our aim was to assess the association of total, regional, and ectopic fat with abdominal aorto-illiac calcification (AAC) and coronary artery calcification (CAC) in 798 African ancestry men. ⋯ Greater adiposity in the skeletal muscle and liver, but not in the visceral compartment, was associated with increased odds of AAC in African ancestry men. These results highlight the potential importance of both quantity and location of adiposity accumulation throughout the body.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Whole blood sequencing reveals circulating microRNA associations with high-risk traits in non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome.
Although circulating microRNA (miRNAs) have emerged as biomarkers predicting mortality in acute coronary syndrome (ACS), more data are needed to understand these mechanisms. Mapping miRNAs to high-risk traits may identify miRNAs involved in pathways conferring risk for poor outcome in ACS. We aim to investigate the relationship between circulating miRNAs and high-risk traits in non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS). ⋯ Circulating miRs clustered around two powerful traits for mortality risk in NSTE-ACS. MiR-3135b, which was under-expressed in chronic HF and increasing GRACE risk score, and miR-28-3p, which has no known association with cardiovascular disease, warrant further investigation.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Lipid-modifying efficacy and tolerability of anacetrapib added to ongoing statin therapy in Japanese patients with dyslipidemia.
We aimed to assess the effects of cholesteryl ester transfer protein inhibitor anacetrapib added to statin ± other lipid-modifying therapies (LMT) in Japanese patients with dyslipidemia who were not at their LDL-C goal. ⋯ Long-term treatment with anacetrapib 100 mg substantially reduced LDL-C, increased HDL-C and was well tolerated in Japanese patients with dyslipidemia (ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT01760460).
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Race/ethnic and sex disparities in the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease-abdominal aortic calcification association: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.
This study investigated the associations of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) volume and density, and whether these relationships vary by race/ethnicity and/or sex, information that are limited in current literature. ⋯ NAFLD was related to the presence of AAC, however, limited to Blacks. Significant concurrent interaction by race/ethnicity (Chinese and Blacks vs. Whites) and sex was found in the relationship between NAFLD and increasing AAC. These findings suggest disparities in the pathophysiologic pathways in which atherosclerosis develops.
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Typical angina pectoris (AP) and high-sensitive troponin I (hs-TnI) are independently associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) and future cardiovascular events (CVE). This study aimed to assess the individual and combined diagnostic and prognostic impact of symptoms and hs-TnI in stable chest pain patients without prior cardiovascular disease. ⋯ In clinical stable patients without known cardiovascular disease, a thorough chest-pain history in combination with hs-TnI testing can identify a significant low-risk group. The prognostic need for coronary angiography in these patients seems limited.